Book Questions Flashcards
The form of heat treatment that removes some of the hardness from hardened steel is called _____.
Tempering
The form of heat treatment that relieves strains in a metal is called _____.
Normalising
The form of heat treatment that softens a metal is called _____.
Annealing
The form of heat treatment that hardens the surface of a metal while leaving the core relatively soft and tough is called _____.
Case Hardening
A pure metal, as distinguished from an alloy, ____ normally hardened by heat treatment.
(a) is
(b) is not
(b) is not
Two methods of case hardening steel are:
Carburising
Nitriding
A steel part is nitrided by heating it in an atmosphere containing ______ gas
Ammonia
Aluminium alloy is softened by heating it in an oven and cooling it ______
(Rapidly or slowly)
Slowly
When an aluminium alloy part is heated in an oven and then quenched, it is said to be ______ heat treated.
Solution
Artificial aging is done by holding a heat-treated aluminium alloy part at an elevated temperature for a specified length of time. THis process is called ____ heat treating.
Precipitation
When an aluminium alloy part is removed from the heat treatment oven and quenched, it is relatively soft. Over a period od a day or so, it increases its hardness and strength. This process is called:
Aging
Steel is hardened by heating it to a specified temperature and then quenching it in oil, water or brine.
The hardest and most brittle steel is obtained by quenching it in _____.
brine
A steel part may be made less brittle by heating it to a temperature quite a way below its critical temperature and allowing it to cool in still air. This procedure is called ___________.
Tempering
Tempering - a form of heat treatment in which some of the hardness and brittleness is removed from a metal that has been hardened by heat treatment.
Fill in the code letter that is used to identify each of the following treatments for aluminium alloy:
a. As fabricated with no control over its temper
b. Annealed
c. Solution heat treated
d. Strain hardened
a) F
b) O
c) T
d) H
Icebox rivets are aluminium alloy rivets that must be heated and stored in a subfreezing refrigerator until they are driven.
Two alloys of which icebox rivets are made are
_______ and _______
2017 and 2024
An aluminium alloy sheet that has a coating of commercially pure aluminium rolled onto its surface is called ______ aluminium.
Clad
The aluminium alloy rivet that may be driven as it is received from the manufacturer without having to be heat treated is made of alloy ______.
2117
When a steel tubular fuselage is first welded, there are strains trapped in the structure. To relieve these strains, the structure is heated to a temperature above its critical temperature and allowed to cool in still air.
This procedure is called _______.
Normalising
If too much time elapses between the removal of a piece of aluminium alloy from the heat treatment oven and the time it is quenched, there is danger of ________ corrosion forming inside the part.
intergranular
The most generally used metal for aircraft firewalls is ______
Stainless Steel
Most welded steel aircraft structure is made of SAE steel _______
4130 - 4XXXX Silicon
Clad aluminium alloy has a coating of ______ rolled onto its surface to improve its corrosion resistance.
Pure Aluminium
SAE 1020 steel has a carbon content of _____%
0.20
Commercially pure aluminium is identified by the code number _______
1100
Identify the series numbers for aluminium alloys that have the following major alloys:
a. Copper
b. Magnesium
c. Zinc
a. 2XXX - Copper
b . 5XXX - Magnesium
c. 7XXX - Zinc
Titanium can be welded by using ______ electric arc welding.
Inert Gas
PG 433 Questions 8 - 15 not done as not covered yet wood etc
The threads for most aircraft structural bolts have a class-_________ fit.
3
Torque values listed for aircraft bolts normally consider the threads to be clean and ______
(Dry or lubricated)
Dry
The accepted rule of thumb for installing bolts in an aircraft structure is to have the bolt head __________ (up or down), _________ (forward or rearward), and _______ (inboard or outboard)
Up
Forward
Outboard
A fiber-type self locking nut should never be used on a bolt if the fastener is subject to _________.
Rotation
Identify the material of which the bolt is made when its head is marked with a/an:
- Cross or aserik
- Single dash
- Two dashes
- Nickel Steel
- Corrosion resistant steel
- Aluminium Alloy
A bolt whose head is identified with an asterik enclosed in a triangle is a ________ bolt.
Close tolerance
A steel bolt with no marking on its head is made of _____ steel and ____ approved for use in aircraft structure.
Low strength
Is not
The length of the unthreaded portion os a bolt shank is called the _____ of a bolt.
Grip Length
Clevis bolts are designed to be used for ___ loads only
Shear
To be sure that the terminal ends are screwed into a turnbuckle barrel enough to produce the maximum strength, there must be no more than _____ threads showing on either end of the barrel.
3
When safetying a turnbuckle, the ends of the safety wire must be wrapped around the terminal end for at least ____ turns.
4
Identify the material of which solid rivets are made which have the following head markings:
a. Raised dot
b. Recessed dot.
c. Raised double dash
d. Raised cross
a. 2017
b. 2117
c. 2024
d. 5056
Give the diameter and length of these solid rivets:
a. MS20470AD4-4
b. MS20426DD4-6
c. MS20470D6-8
d. MS20426AD6-10
a. 4/32 ‘’ diameter, 4/16 ‘’ length
b. 4/32’’ diameter, 6/16’’ length
c. 6/32’’ diameter, 8/16’’ length
d. 6/32 ‘’ diameter, 10/16 ‘’ length
(can simplify fractions and should)
Friction-lock self plugging rivets (blind rivets) _______ (are or are not) approved for replacement of solid rivets on a size for size basis.
are not
When it is necessary to provide a threaded hole in a piece of thin sheet metal, a _____ may be used
rivnut
Hi-Shear pin rivets _____ (may or may not) be used to replace steel aircraft bolts on a size for size basis
may
The white powder which forms on the surface of aluminium when it corrodes is a chemical _____.
Salt
The chief alloying agent in 2024 aluminium alloy is _____.
Copper
In an alloy of aluminium and copper, the _____ will be eaten away by corrosion.
Aluminium
The three basic requirements for the formation of corrosion are:
a.
b.
c.
a, Must have an electrode potential difference within the metal
b. must have a conductive path between the areas of potential difference
c. must be covered with an electrolyte
Three steps that can be taken to minimize damage from corrosion are:
a.
b.
c.
a. minimize potential difference
b. eliminate conductive path
c. prevent electrolyte contacting the metal
Arrange these metals, cadmium, copper, iron, and magnesium in the proper order of their electrochemical activity. Place the most active metals first.
a
b
c
d
a. magnesium
b. cadmium
c. iron
d. copper
When electrolytic or galvanic corrosion occurs between an aluminium structure and a steel bolt, the ______ will be the metal that is corroded.
Aluminium
Corrosion that forms in riveted joints where there is a slight relative movement is called ______ corrosion.
Fretting
A green corrosion film forms on ______.
copper
An extreme case of intergranular corrosion that forms in extruded metal in which the metal separates in layers is called ______ corrosion
exfoliation
Another name for dry corrosion is
Oxidation or rust
Corrosion that forms insde a metal along the grain boundaries is called _____ corrosion.
Intergranular
One of the primary causes of intergranular corrosion is ________.
Improper heat treatment
Exfoliation corrosion usually develops in _____ metal parts
Extruded
If an unplated copper bonding braid is attached to an aluminium alloy structure and is not protected, the ____ will corrode.
Aluminium
Stress corrosion occurs when a part is under a ______ (tensile or compressive) stress in a corrosive environment.
tensile
Fretting corrosion _______ (can or cannot) form if there is no relative motion between the surfaces
cannot
The scum that forms inside the fuel tanks of some jet aircraft is caused by _____ and ____ in the fuel.
microbes, bacteria
An additive may be used in jet fuel to help prevent corrosion inside the fuel tanks. This additive kills the _____ and _____.
microbes, bacteria
Polyester fabric is shrunk on an aircraft structure with _____.
Heat
Resins that are reinforced with glass filaments to make aircraft structural components are ______ resins
Thermosetting
Catalysts are used with ______ resins to cause them ti cure.
Polyester
Curing agents are used rather than catalysts when mixing _______ resins.
Epoxy
Glass cloth that is woven with both warp and fill(weft) threads is called ______ cloth
bidirectional
Kevlar is ______ than fiberglass fabric of equal strength
(Lighter or heavier)
Lighter
The reference wood used for aircraft construction is _____
Sitka Spruce
