book 2 grammar 2

Question 1

간접화법의 축약형 (-재요,녜요)

Answer 1

(-재요 I heard,녜요 they asked)

Contractions of indirect speech forms

He said to have a pep rally this weekend.
이번 주말에 단합 대회를 하재요.
this
weekend on
pep rally
(I heard) let’s have

They asked me to have evidence or witnesses.
증거나 증인이 있내요.

evidence or
witness
(they asked) have

Question 2

N-(으)로

Answer 2

of, with

It is to express an instrument, a method, a tool and a means used to perform an action.

This desk is made of wood.
이 책상은 나무로 만들었어요.
this
desk
wood of
made

You should not cut it with a saw.
그건 톱으로 자르면 안 돼요.
that
saw
with
should not cut

Question 3

V -는지 알다/는지 모르다

Answer 3

는지 알다 know
는지 모르다 don’t know

It is used to express knowledge of a fact.

Do you know how to turn this machine off?
이 기계를 어떻게 끄는지 알아요?
this
machine
how to turn off
know

I don’t know how to put this in.
이걸 어떻게 꽂는지 모르겠어요.
this
how to put in
don’t know

Question 4

V-고 있다

Answer 4

ing

It is used to indicate the present progressive and thus is used when an action is currently taking place.

Rihan is welding at the workshop.
리한 씨는 작업장에서 용접을 하고 있어요.
Rihan Mr.
workshop
at
welding
is doing

I’m drilling a hole in the wall with an electric drill.
저는 전기드릴로 벽에 구멍을 뚫고 있어요.
I
electric drill with
wall in
hole
am drilling

Question 5

A/V-(으)ㄹ 것 같다

Answer 5

seems to, i think

It is used to express supposition of the occurrence of an action or situation that has yet to occur.

When do you think the work will be finished?
언제 작업이 끝날 것 같아요?
when
work
seem to finish

I think I can finish it by 6:00.
6시까지는 완성할 수 있을 것 같아요.
six o’clock by
I think I can finish

Question 6

V-아/어 놓다

Answer 6

It is used to indicate the continuation of a certain action or state after the completion of the action or state.

I’ll fit the door by tomorrow.
내일까지 문을 달아 놓을게요.
tomorrow by door
will fit

Move the bricks first.
먼저 벽돌을 옮겨 놓으세요.
first
brick
move please

Question 7

A/V-지요?

Answer 7

right

It is used to ask a listener when a speak assumes that the listener already knows a believes is true. certain fact or when a speaker confirms what she/he

Did you send products to the client?
거래처에 물건을 보냈지요?
client to
product
sent, right?

Are you organizing your workplace?
작업장을 정리하고 있지요?
workplace
are organizing,
right?

Question 8

A/V-거든요

Answer 8

(because)

It is used to describe the reason for an action or a state previously mentioned.

The workplace is really clean. (Because) I cleaned it in the morning.
가: 작업장이 깨끗하네요.
나: 오전에 청소했거든요.

workplace
clean

morning in
cleaned

Are you off from tomorrow?
Yes, (because) it is the summer vacation.

가: 내일부터 쉬어요?
나: 네, 여름휴가거든요.

tomorrow from
rest
yes
is summer vacation

Question 9

A -아/어지다

Answer 9

become

It is attached to adjectives and indicates a change in state.

I have become healthier thanks to exercising every day.
매일 운동을 하니까 건강해졌어요.
everyday
exercise so
become healthy

The air is cleaner because the ventilator was repaired.
환풍기를 고치니까 공기가 깨끗해졌어요.
ventilator
repair so
air
became clean

Question 10

V -는데요

Answer 10

It is used to introduce or explain a background situation in order to proceed with a question, an instruction or an action.

I have to apply pesticide. Where is the pesticide sprayer?

농약을 쳐야 하는데요. 농약 분무기가 어디에 있어요?

pesticide
have t apply

pesticide sprayer
where
is

I have put the boxes on the truck. Please check them.

상자들은 트럭에 다 실었는데요. 좀 봐 주세요. truck to all
boxes
track to all
put
please
check please

Question 11

V -기 전에

Answer 11

before

It is used to indicate that the action or the state of a main clause precedes the action or the state of the ‘-기 전에’ clause.

Before you cover the vinyl, apply fertilizer first.
비닐을 덮기 전에 거름을 먼저 주세요.
vinyl
cover
before
fertilizer
first
apply

What did you do before you came to Korea?
한국에 오기 전에 무슨 일을 했어요? Korea to
come before
what
work
did

Question 12

V-도록 하다

Answer 12

please

It is used to indicate that a speaker asks someone to perform a certain action.

First, clean away the dust.

먼저 먼지부터 닦도록 하세요.

first
dust
first
clean please

It is an important test, so please study hard for it.

중요한 시험이니까 열심히 준비하도록 하세요.

important
test so
hard
prepare please

Question 13

V-게 되다

Answer 13

It is used to indicate that a situation has been caused by a certain external condition or influence.

Because of the weather, I can’t start my work again today.

날씨 때문에 오늘도 작업을 못 하게 됐어.

weather
because of
today also
work
can’t do

I didn’t eat well at first, but I got to eat well a few months later.

처음에는 못 먹었는데 몇 달 지나니까 잘 먹게 됐어요.

at first
can’t
ate but
a few month
later
well
can eat

Question 14

V -는 것이 중요하다

Answer 14

important

It is used to emphasize the fact that a certain action needs to take place.

It is important to maintain the temperature in the food warehouse.

식품 창고에서는 온도를 잘 유지하는 것이 중요합니다.

food warehouse
in
temperature
well
maintaining
important

It is important not to let the goods get damaged.

물건이 파손되지 않도록 하는 게 중요해요.

goods
not letting get damaged
important

Question 15

A/V -(으)ㄹ 것이다

Answer 15

will

It is used when the speaker has a supposition that something will happen in the future.

I will finish it by 3:00.

3시까지는 끝날 거예요.

three o’clock
by
will finish

The weather will be fine from tomorrow.

내일부터 날씨가 맑을 거예요.

tomorrow
from
weather
will be fine

Question 16

V -(으)ㄴ 적이 있다/없다

Answer 16

have, have never

It is used to express that an action has (has not) taken place before.

I have used this machine before.

이 기계를 전에 사용한 적이 있어요.

this machine
before
have used

I’ve never worn these work clothes before.

전에 이 작업복을 입은 적이 없어요.

before
this work clothes
have never worn

Question 17

be careful

It indicates that one should be careful not to cause an action or a state.

Be careful not to burn yourself.

화상을 입지 않도록 조심하세요.

not to burn
be careful

Be careful not to step on a piece of glass.

유리 조각을 밟지 않도록 조심해.

piece of glass
not to step on
be careful

Answer 17

V -지 않도록 조심하다

Question 18

V -(으)ㄹ 수 있다

Answer 18

can , may be

It is used to express a possibility or an ability.

You may be late if you take a taxi as it is rush hour now.

막히는 시간이라서 택시를 타면 더 늦을 수 있어요.

rush hour
is so
taxi
if take more
may be late

You can get hurt if you don’t wear safety goggles.

보안경을 안 쓰면 눈을 다칠 수 있어요.

safety goggles
not
if wear
eye
can get hurt

Question 19

A/V -기 때문에

Answer 19

because

It indicates the cause or the reason of an action or a state.

You should put on the safety gloves because you could get an electric shock.

감전될 수 있기 때문에 안전장갑을 껴야 합니다.

electric shock
could get
because
safety gloves
should put on

I took a rest at home yesterday because I was tired.

어제는 피곤했기 때문에 집에서 쉬었어요.

yesterday
tired
because
home at
rest

Question 20

V-기로 하다

Answer 20

decided to

It is used to express a decision, a resolution, or a plan.

I made a decision to exercise before going to work from tomorrow.

내일부터 출근하기 전에 운동하기로 했어요.

tomorrow from
before going to work
decided to exercise

I decided to have medical checkups because I was not feeling well.

몸이 안 좋아서 건강 검진을 받기로 했어요.

body(health)
not
good so
medical checkups
decided to have

Question 21

A/V -(으)ㄴ 덕분에

Answer 21

thank to

It expresses the cause or the reason of the positive status of the situation.

The work went well thanks to checking everything meticulously.

꼼꼼히 확인한 덕분에 일이 잘 진행됐어요.

meticulously
thanks to checking
work
well
went

I’m fine because I’m wearing a safety suit.

안전복을 입은 덕분에 괜찮아요.

safety suit
thanks to wearing
fine