book 1 grammar

Question 1

이/가

Answer 1

It indicates the subject of the sentence. (subject particle)

Is this the office?
여기가 사무실입니까?
here
office
is?

Where is the restroom?
화장실이 어디입니까?
restroom
where
is?

Question 2

은/는

Answer 2

은/는 are used to mark the topic in a sentence, showing what you are going to mainly talk about.

PATTERN
Noun + 은 / 는

-은 is used when the noun ends with a consonant

-는 is used when the noun ends with a vowel

PATTERN
Noun + 은 / 는

-은 is used when the noun ends with a consonant

-는 is used when the noun ends with a vowel

은/는 is used when talking about something you may already know.

동네에 새로운 식당이 생겼어요. 그 식당은 인기가 많아요.

There is a new restaurant in my neighbourhood. The restaurant is very popular.

은/는 is used when talking about general facts.
코끼리는코가 길어요.
An elephant has a long nose.

은/는 is used for contrast and comparisons
수지는키가 크고, 미나는키가 작아요.
Suji is tall but Mina is short

Question 3

을/를

Answer 3

을/를 are used to indicate the object in a sentence.

PATTERN
Noun + 을 / 를

-을 is used when the noun ends with a consonant

-를 is used when the noun ends in a vowel

제니가 커피를 마셔요.
Jenny is drinking coffee

지민이가 영화를 봐요.
Jimin is watching a movie

Question 4

에

Answer 4

에 (Place or time)
on,to,in, at

It indicates time to tell about a time when a certain things take place.

I have lunch at 12.
12시에 점심을 먹어요.
12:00at
lunch
eat

I work out in the evening.
저녁에 운동해요.
evening in
work out

Question 5

N-에서

Answer 5

Location Particle ~에서

It expresses the location where someone is doing soming or where something is taking place.

I study Korean at the library.
도서관에서 한국어를 공부해요.
library at
Korean
study

I met my friend at the theater.

영화관에서 친구를 만났어요.

theater at
friend
met

Question 6

n-하고

Answer 6

and/ with”
N-하고

It expresses the listing of various things or people. (and)
It indicates the person with which the subject perform an action. (with)

I have bread and fruit.
빵하고 과일을 먹어요.
bread and fruit
eat

I live with my parents.
부모님하고 같이 살아요.
parents with
together
live

Question 7

N–아/어 주세요,

Answer 7

-아/어 주세요, please do (something)

It expresses a polite request or a polite command that someone do something for the speaker.

Please close the window.
창문을 닫아 주세요.
window
close please

Carry the bag, please.
가방을 들어 주세요.
bag
carry please

Question 8

V-(으)세요

Answer 8

please do”
It is an imperative ending which is used to give a command or instruction to someone.

Please come quickly.
빨리 오세요.
quickly
come please

Please take a seat here.
여기에 앉으세요.
here
sit please

Question 9

N-(으)로

Answer 9

to

It expresses the direction of a locomotive verb.

Please go up.
위로 올라가세요.
up to
please go up

Go to the right.
오른쪽으로 가세요.
right to
go please

Question 10

V-고 싶다

Answer 10

want

It expresses a wish or a hope of the speaker. It is used to ask about the wish or hope of the listener.

I want to see a movie.
영화를 보고 싶어요.
movie
want to see

What do you want to eat?
뭐 먹고 싶어요?
what
want to eat

Question 11

V-(으)ㄹ까요

Answer 11

shall

It is used when the speaker wants to make a suggestion to the listener or ask about doing something together with the listener.

What time shall we meet?
몇 시에 만날까요?
what
time at s
hall (we) meet

Shall we have lunch tomorrow?
내일 같이 점심 먹을까요?
tomorrow
together
lunch
shall (we) meet

Question 12

Vㅡ(으)ㄹ래요

Answer 12

want to , will

It is used to express the speaker’s opinion in a declarative sentence or to ask about the listener’s opinion in an interrogative sentence.

What do you want to do tomorrow?
내일 뭐 할래요?
tomorrow what
want to do

I will read a book at home.
집에서 책을 읽을래요.
home at
book
will read

Question 13

A/Vㅡ네요

Answer 13

“wow,oh”
It is used to express feeling or wonder or surprise about a fact that
the speaker has come to know about something.

It’s a little cold.
날씨가 좀 춥네요.

weather
a little
cold!

You are very good at making Korean food.
한국 음식을 참 잘 만드네요.
Korea
food
very well
make!

Question 14

V-(으)ㄹ 때

Answer 14

“When”

It expresses the duration of time when something takes place.

I met him when I was traveling.

여행할 때 만났어요.
when travel
met

I work out when I have the time.
시간이 있을 때 운동해요.
time
when have
work out

Question 15

V-(으)러 가다/오다

Answer 15

“go to, come to
It expresses the speaker’s intention to go to a certain place. (only movement verbs can be used)

Do you want to go (to) play soccer with me?
저하고 축구하러 갈래요?
I with
soccer
will go to play

I go to take pictures when I have free time.
저는 시간이 있을 때 사진 찍으러 가요.
I
time
when have
photo
let’s go to take

Question 16

V-아/어 보다

Answer 16

“try, have been “
It expresses trying out or experiencing an action. It is equivalent to ‘try’ in English.

When using it in a present tense it expresses trying something but when using it in past tense it expresses having the experience of doing something.

V + 아 보다 is used when the verb stem ends with ㅗ or ㅏ
V + 어 보다 is used when the verb stem ends with vowels other than ㅗ or ㅏ
When verb ends with 하, the form changes to 해보다.

1) Regarding the ‘아 보다’ conjugation information, remove ‘다’ from basic form of the verb, if the verb stem ends with ㅗ or ㅏ, attach ‘아 보다 ’ after the verb stem.

Example sentences :

제가 한번 읽어볼까요? - May I try to read it?
제가 한번 해 볼게요. - I will try to do it.
저는 부산에 가 봤어요. - I have been to Busan.

2) Regarding the ‘어 보다’ conjugation information, remove ‘다’ from basic form of the verb, if the verb stem ends with vowel other than ㅗ or ㅏ, attach ‘어 보다 ’ after the verb stem.

Example sentences :

저는 이 노래를 들어 봤어요. - I have listened to this song.
한번만 이 책 읽어봐. - Read this book once.
맛있다 ! 이거 먹어 봐요. - Delicious ! Try this once.
NOTE :

The verb which end with 하다 change it to 해보다. For eg : 공부하다 becomes 공부 해보다

Question 17

V-(으)ㄹ 거예요

Answer 17

“will”

It expresses a future plan.

What are you going to do this holiday?
이번 연휴에 뭐 할 거예요?
this
holiday on what
will do

I will eat dinner at home.
집에서 저녁을 먹을 거예요.
home at
dinner
will eat

Question 18

N-(이)나

Answer 18

“or”
It indicates alternative options.

I want to drink a cold drink or water.
시원한 음료수나 물을 마시고 싶어요.
cold
drink or
water
want to drink

Let’s meet on Saturday or Sunday.
우리 토요일이나 일요일에 만나요.
we
Saturday or
Sunday on
let’s meet

Question 19

N-에서 N-까지

Answer 19

“from , to “

~에서 / 부터 means from or since and ~까지 means till or to.

It indicate places, and express the idea of ‘from’ one place ‘to’ another.

How do you go from your home to office?
집에서 회사까지 어떻게 가요?
home from
company to
how
go

It takes about one hour from here to the City Hall.
여기에서 시청까지 한 시간쯤 걸려요.
here from
city hall to
one
hour about
take

Question 20

A/V-지요

Answer 20

“right?”

It is used to ask the listener when the speaker assumes that the listener already knows a certain fact.

You go to your company today, don’t you?
오늘 회사에 가지요?
today
company to
go, right?

Minsu is a bank clerk, isn’t he?
민수 씨가 은행원이지요?
Minsu Mr.
bank clerk
is, right?