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Women's Health > Boobs > Flashcards

Boobs Flashcards

1
Q

Where do breast arise from?

A

basal layer of epidermis

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2
Q

What type of breast developmement can happen in infants?

A

unilateral or bilateral enlargement (70%) producing “witches milk”

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3
Q

When do thelarche usually happen?

A

8 and 13 yrs

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4
Q

breast development in young girls are

A

less fat more dense

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5
Q

breast development in older adults are

A

more fat and less dense

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6
Q

What is polythelia?

A

accessory nipples

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7
Q

What is polymastia

A

accessory glands

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8
Q

What is the treatment for polythelia?

A

NONE

usually asymptomatic, excision not required

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9
Q

When does premature thelarche occur?

A

<8 yr

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10
Q

What is the treatment for premature thelarche?

A

self limited

monitor body growth, Tanner stage

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11
Q

What is the treatment for breast asymmetry?

A

NOTHING
can have surgical augmentation or reduction after full breast growth
yearly exams
rule out mass

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12
Q

Treatment for breast hypertrophy?

A

reduction mammoplasty (until full growth)

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13
Q

What is breast hypertrophy?

A

extremely large breast

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14
Q

What symptoms come along with breast hypertrophy?

A

back pain, shoulder discomfort, kyphosis, psychosocial distress

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15
Q

What is tuberous breast?

A

rare, fascia adheres to the underlying muscle

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16
Q

What is the treatment for tuberous breast?

A 
exogenous HRT (small dose and gradually increase)
surgery modification
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17
Q

Describe cyclic mastalgia

A

usually bilateral, hormonal changes w/menstrual cycle, 1 week prior

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18
Q

Describe non cyclic pain mastalgia

A

lesions of breast or chest wall

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19
Q

Treatment for cyclic breast pain?

A

OCP (90%)

NSAID, mechanical support, diet

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20
Q

Describe extramammary pain?

A

chest wall
spinal and paraspinal disorders
trauma

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21
Q

What causes mastitis?

A

staph infection

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22
Q

How does mastitis present?

A

fever, myalgia, leukocytosis, warm, tender

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23
Q

Treatment for mastitis

A

oral antibiotic (dicloxacillin)

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24
Q

What can nipple discharge?

A

galactorrhea (consider patho!)

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25
Q

What is the biggest thing that should be considered in galactorrhea?

A

neoplastic processes

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26
Q

What is the Most common medication that causes galactorrhea?

A

antipsychotics

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27
Q

What treatment should be given for galactorrhea in a female who wants preggo?

A

Bromocriptine
Carbegoline
(dopamine agonist)

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28
Q

What imaging should done to check for nipple discharge

A

ductography

29
Q

What two things can cause nipple discharge?

A

intraductal papilloma

Milk duct polyps

30
Q

Where do breast cyst arise from?

A

apocrine metaplasia of lobules

31
Q

What age do cyst incidence usually peak?

A

40-50yrs old

32
Q

How is cyst diagnosed?

A

ultrasound

33
Q

Treatment for breast cyst?

A

aspirated if painful

34
Q

Feel of a breast cyst?

A

soft, mobile, and smooth

35
Q

What are the three types of cyst?

A

simple
complicated
complex

36
Q

What is the treatment for a complicated cyst?

A

should be drained, not resolve biospy

37
Q

Treatment for a complex cyst?

A

excision is recommended

38
Q

Composition of fibroadenoma?

A

glandular and cystic epithethial structures surrounded a cellular stroma

39
Q

Who is at risk for Fibroadenoma?

A

adolescents and premenopausal women

40
Q

feel of a fibroadenoma?

A

rubbery, mobile, smooth w/ distinct margins

41
Q

treatment of fibroadenoma?

A

followed w/o excision (triple test)

42
Q

What makes up the triple test?

A
  1. clinical breast exam
  2. imaging, mammogram
  3. biospy
43
Q

If a fibroadenoma starts to grow what should be done?

A

removal

44
Q

feel of a galatocele?

A

painless mass palpable usually in central portion of breast

45
Q

A breastfeeding patient could get infected when?

A

galactocele

46
Q

Treatment for galactocele?

A

subsides

47
Q

What is galactocele?

A

cystic dilation of a duct or ducts

48
Q

What causes a fat necrosis?

A

breast mass develops after blunt trauma, breast surgery, radiation, or injection of foreign substance

49
Q

Feel of a fat necrosis?

A

solitary, irregular, ill-defined mass

50
Q

How is a fat necrosis diagnosed?

A

imaging and biopsy

51
Q

similar to fibroadenomas?

A

phylloides tumor (rare)

52
Q

Phylloides tumor growth?

A

fast can be benign, intermediate, malignant

53
Q

Treatment for Phylloides tumor?

A

wide local excision

54
Q

What is the peak age for phylloides tumors?

A

40yo

55
Q

The second most common cancer diagnosed?

A

breast cancer

56
Q

Second leading cause of death from cancer

A

breast cancer

57
Q

What is the lifetime risk of breast cancer?

A

12.08% (1 in 8)

58
Q

What is sojourn time?

A

1mm-1cm before it becomes palpable

59
Q

When should breast cancer screening start?

A

@ ~40

60
Q

When should breast cancer screening end?

A

75 yrs

61
Q

What is Paget’s disease?

A

rare problem on the skin

62
Q

How is breast cancer staged?

A

TMN 1-4

63
Q

What hormonal treatment is used for breast cancer?

A

Tamoxfen

64
Q

What is used to check for describe findings in mammogram?

A

Breast Imaging Reporting and Database System (BI-RADS)

65
Q

Which BI-RADS causes the biggest anxiety in pts?

A

Cat 0 (need additional evaluation, further evaluation)

66
Q

What imaging can be done in young adults with dense breast?

A

ultrasound

67
Q

A MRI can be used for screening breast cancer in which group?

A

women w/ >20% lifetime risk of developing breast cancer

68
Q

What 3 factors puts a woman at risk of breast cancer?

A
  • BRCA 1 or BRCA 2
  • 1st degree relative w/ BRCA
  • History of radiation txt to chest between 10-30yr

Women's Health (11 decks)

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