Boobs

Question 1

Where do breast arise from?

Answer 1

basal layer of epidermis

Question 2

What type of breast developmement can happen in infants?

Answer 2

unilateral or bilateral enlargement (70%) producing “witches milk”

Question 3

When do thelarche usually happen?

Answer 3

8 and 13 yrs

Question 4

breast development in young girls are

Answer 4

less fat more dense

Question 5

breast development in older adults are

Answer 5

more fat and less dense

Question 6

What is polythelia?

Answer 6

accessory nipples

Question 7

What is polymastia

Answer 7

accessory glands

Question 8

What is the treatment for polythelia?

Answer 8

NONE

usually asymptomatic, excision not required

Question 9

When does premature thelarche occur?

Answer 9

<8 yr

Question 10

What is the treatment for premature thelarche?

Answer 10

self limited

monitor body growth, Tanner stage

Question 11

What is the treatment for breast asymmetry?

Answer 11

NOTHING
can have surgical augmentation or reduction after full breast growth
yearly exams
rule out mass

Question 12

Treatment for breast hypertrophy?

Answer 12

reduction mammoplasty (until full growth)

Question 13

What is breast hypertrophy?

Answer 13

extremely large breast

Question 14

What symptoms come along with breast hypertrophy?

Answer 14

back pain, shoulder discomfort, kyphosis, psychosocial distress

Question 15

What is tuberous breast?

Answer 15

rare, fascia adheres to the underlying muscle

Question 16

What is the treatment for tuberous breast?

Answer 16

exogenous HRT (small dose and gradually increase)
surgery modification

Question 17

Describe cyclic mastalgia

Answer 17

usually bilateral, hormonal changes w/menstrual cycle, 1 week prior

Question 18

Describe non cyclic pain mastalgia

Answer 18

lesions of breast or chest wall

Question 19

Treatment for cyclic breast pain?

Answer 19

OCP (90%)

NSAID, mechanical support, diet

Question 20

Describe extramammary pain?

Answer 20

chest wall
spinal and paraspinal disorders
trauma

Question 21

What causes mastitis?

Answer 21

staph infection

Question 22

How does mastitis present?

Answer 22

fever, myalgia, leukocytosis, warm, tender

Question 23

Treatment for mastitis

Answer 23

oral antibiotic (dicloxacillin)

Question 24

What can nipple discharge?

Answer 24

galactorrhea (consider patho!)

Question 25

What is the biggest thing that should be considered in galactorrhea?

Answer 25

neoplastic processes

Question 26

What is the Most common medication that causes galactorrhea?

Answer 26

antipsychotics

Question 27

What treatment should be given for galactorrhea in a female who wants preggo?

Answer 27

Bromocriptine Carbegoline (dopamine agonist)

Question 28

What imaging should done to check for nipple discharge

Answer 28

ductography

Question 29

What two things can cause nipple discharge?

Answer 29

intraductal papilloma | Milk duct polyps

Question 30

Where do breast cyst arise from?

Answer 30

apocrine metaplasia of lobules

Question 31

What age do cyst incidence usually peak?

Answer 31

40-50yrs old

Question 32

How is cyst diagnosed?

Answer 32

ultrasound

Question 33

Treatment for breast cyst?

Answer 33

aspirated if painful

Question 34

Feel of a breast cyst?

Answer 34

soft, mobile, and smooth

Question 35

What are the three types of cyst?

Answer 35

simple complicated complex

Question 36

What is the treatment for a complicated cyst?

Answer 36

should be drained, not resolve biospy

Question 37

Treatment for a complex cyst?

Answer 37

excision is recommended

Question 38

Composition of fibroadenoma?

Answer 38

glandular and cystic epithethial structures surrounded a cellular stroma

Question 39

Who is at risk for Fibroadenoma?

Answer 39

adolescents and premenopausal women

Question 40

feel of a fibroadenoma?

Answer 40

rubbery, mobile, smooth w/ distinct margins

Question 41

treatment of fibroadenoma?

Answer 41

followed w/o excision (triple test)

Question 42

What makes up the triple test?

Answer 42

1. clinical breast exam 2. imaging, mammogram 3. biospy

Question 43

If a fibroadenoma starts to grow what should be done?

Answer 43

removal

Question 44

feel of a galatocele?

Answer 44

painless mass palpable usually in central portion of breast

Question 45

A breastfeeding patient could get infected when?

Answer 45

galactocele

Question 46

Treatment for galactocele?

Answer 46

subsides

Question 47

What is galactocele?

Answer 47

cystic dilation of a duct or ducts

Question 48

What causes a fat necrosis?

Answer 48

breast mass develops after blunt trauma, breast surgery, radiation, or injection of foreign substance

Question 49

Feel of a fat necrosis?

Answer 49

solitary, irregular, ill-defined mass

Question 50

How is a fat necrosis diagnosed?

Answer 50

imaging and biopsy

Question 51

similar to fibroadenomas?

Answer 51

phylloides tumor (rare)

Question 52

Phylloides tumor growth?

Answer 52

fast can be benign, intermediate, malignant

Question 53

Treatment for Phylloides tumor?

Answer 53

wide local excision

Question 54

What is the peak age for phylloides tumors?

Answer 54

40yo

Question 55

The second most common cancer diagnosed?

Answer 55

breast cancer

Question 56

Second leading cause of death from cancer

Answer 56

breast cancer

Question 57

What is the lifetime risk of breast cancer?

Answer 57

12.08% (1 in 8)

Question 58

What is sojourn time?

Answer 58

1mm-1cm before it becomes palpable

Question 59

When should breast cancer screening start?

Answer 59

@ ~40

Question 60

When should breast cancer screening end?

Answer 60

75 yrs

Question 61

What is Paget's disease?

Answer 61

rare problem on the skin

Question 62

How is breast cancer staged?

Answer 62

TMN 1-4

Question 63

What hormonal treatment is used for breast cancer?

Answer 63

Tamoxfen

Question 64

What is used to check for describe findings in mammogram?

Answer 64

Breast Imaging Reporting and Database System (BI-RADS)

Question 65

Which BI-RADS causes the biggest anxiety in pts?

Answer 65

Cat 0 (need additional evaluation, further evaluation)

Question 66

What imaging can be done in young adults with dense breast?

Answer 66

ultrasound

Question 67

A MRI can be used for screening breast cancer in which group?

Answer 67

women w/ >20% lifetime risk of developing breast cancer

Question 68

What 3 factors puts a woman at risk of breast cancer?

Answer 68

- BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 - 1st degree relative w/ BRCA - History of radiation txt to chest between 10-30yr