Bony Framework and Module 2 Vocab Flashcards
Pulmonary
Related to the lungs.
Ventilation
The exchange of air between the lungs and the atmosphere so that oxygen can be exchanged for carbon dioxide.
Ventilation is important for:
- Oxygenating of the blood and removing carbon dioxide.
- Smelling different things.
- Thermoregulation: Regulate your body temperature control.
- Sound production.
Ingressive
Speaking on the inhale
Egressive
Speaking on the exhale. (More common).
Articulate
A joint or juncture between bones or between cartilages.
Sternum
Breastbone that consists of three parts (manubrium, body, xiphoid process).
Consists of elevations and depressions.
Manubrium
Most superior part of the sternum.
Suprasternal Notch
Superior border of manubrium.
Articulacy Facet
Depression of the sternum.
Frist rib attachment
Lateral of articulatory facet. Attached to rib with cartilage. Goes around the clavicle.
Sternal Angle
By side sternum is curved. Body and manubrium touches (articulates).
2nd rib attachment
Half in manubrium and half in body. (Division point).
Body of sternum
3, 4, 5, 6, 7 costal notch.
Superior more deep than inferior.
Xiphoid Process
Small process (a bony projection).
Cartilaginous in young and ossification and becomes bones in adults.
How many pairs in the rib cage?
Consists of 12 pairs of ribs.
True Ribs
Ribs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
2-7 attach anteriority by synovial joints. (All attach to sternum).
The bulk pf a typical rib (BODY).
Contains internal and external surface.
Costal groove: Inferior position. Inside is intercostal blood vessels and nerves that are inside ribs.
Head of rib
Posterior -> Attached to vertebrae.
Neck of rib
Between bulk and head. Found on posterior side.
Angle of the rib
Sharp change in direction to vertebrae to insert into the sternum internally.
False Ribs
Start at vertebrae. Don’t attach directly to sternum.
Bottom costal cartilage of rib #7. (Indirectly connected).
Ribs 8, 9, 10.
Floating Ribs
Start at vertebrae. Anterior extremities are free.
No angle.
Ribs 11 and 12.
ALL 12 pairs of ribs articulate with the vertebral column by means of _____
Gliding joints.
Vertebral Column
All 12 ribs articulate through vertebral column.
Spinal Column purpose
-Support our trunk. Abdominal and lower back and rib cage.
-Support for shoulder girdle.
-Provides support for head.
-Attachment for muscles, ligaments, tendons.
How many vertebrae are there?
How many true vertebrae?
32-33 vertebrae.
24 true vertebrae.
What makes a true vertebrae true?
Corpus: Body.
-Intervertebral discs that sit on body (top and bottom).
Supported by anterior and posterior ligaments.
Spinous Process
Landmark and ligaments that attach them. Posterior surface of vertebrae.
Intervertebral Discs (Cartilage): How much contribute to height?
1/4 of the length of vertebral column.
Compression = Shorten in age.
Cervical Vertebrae
Considered true vertebrae. 1-7.
(7).
C1 and C2
Specially designed. Allow to turn head.
(Exceptions to the tule of a true vertebrae).
C1
Atlas: No body (corpus). No spinous process.
C2
Axis: Dens process. No spinous process.
What is the dens?
Upper projection that provides stability.
Thoracic Vertebrae
Considered true vertebrae.
Serve attachment for ribs at transverse process.
(12).
Lumbar Vertebrae
Considered true vertebrae.
Very large. Suitable for weight baring functions.
(5).
Sacral
What do the formanina do in this region
Sacral Formanina (Holes).
Nerves and blood vessels to go through the bones.
Coccygeal
Made up of three bones.
Kyphosis
Increase in convex curvature of the spine.
(Thoracic).
Inhibits ribcage movement.
Lordosis
Exaggerated concave curvature.
(Lumbar).
Scoliosis
Lateral changes of the spine.
Girdles
Attachments for the extremities to vertebral column and providing muscle attachments.
Clavicle
Serves project sufficiently for laterally. (Becomes part of shoulder).
Astrut.
Fragile bone in body. Regularly fractured.
Scapula
Thin triangular plate of bone. Dorsal to upper 7 or 8 ribs.
Attaches to axial skeleton by way of the clavicle. Help form ball and socket joint of shoulder.
Pelvic Girdle
House many muscles and structures that help produce speech.
Contains: ox coxae, illium, iliac crest, sacrum, pubis and ischium.
Ox Coxae
Left and right. Hip bones (corresponding to a femur).
Ilium
The bulk of majority of ox coxae.
Iliac Crest
Upper margin of ilium.
Sacrum
Part of vertebrae.
Pubis
Where both bones come together. Between legs.
Ischium
Absorbs weight of body when sit straight up.
