Bonus cards

Question 1

Phases of wound healing

Haemostasis?

Answer 1

Key features Cells Time frame

Vasospasm in adjacent vessels

Platelet plug formation and generation of fibrin rich clot

Erythrocytes and platelets

Seconds/ Minutes

Question 2

Phases of wound healing

Inflammation

Key features Cells Timeframe

Answer 2

Neutrophils migrate into wound (function impaired in diabetes).

Growth factors released, including basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor.

Fibroblasts replicate within the adjacent matrix and migrate into wound.

Macrophages and fibroblasts couple matrix regeneration and clot substitution.

Neutrophils, fibroblasts and macrophages

Days

Question 3

Phases of wound healing

Regeneration

Key features Cells Timeframe

Answer 3

Platelet derived growth factor and transformation growth factors stimulate fibroblasts and epithelial cells.

Fibroblasts produce a collagen network.

Angiogenesis occurs and wound resembles granulation tissue.

Fibroblasts, endothelial cells, macrophages

Weeks

Question 4

Phases of wound healing

Remodelling

Key features Cells Timeframe

Answer 4

Longest phase of the healing process and may last up to one year (or longer).

During this phase fibroblasts become differentiated (myofibroblasts) and these facilitate wound contraction.

Collagen fibres are remodelled.

Microvessels regress leaving a pale scar.

Myofibroblasts

6 weeks to 1 year