Bones And Muscles Flashcards
Names of bones located at the Shoulder and Ankle
Shoulder = Scapula and Humerous
Ankle = tibia,fibula and talus
What are the types of different contractions
Isometric,isotonic,concentric and eccentric
Types of joint movements
Flexion - bending a joint
Extension - straightening a joint
Abduction - movement away from the midline of the body
Adduction - movements towards the midline of the body
Rotation - is a circular movement around a fixed joint
Planter flexion - pointing the toes
Dorsiflexion - foot point towards the shin
Circumduction - circular motion around a joint
Names of levers
First class lever = fulcrum second class lever = load third class lever = effort
What is a plane
A plane is an imaginary flat surface running through the body
What is an axis
An axis is an imaginary line at right angles to the planes.
What are the 3 types of axis and where are they located
Sagittal - this line runs from front to back through the centre of the body
Longitudinal/frontal - passes through the object from top to bottom like
Transverse - this line runs from left to right of the object
What are the 3 types of planes and where are they located
Frontal plane - cuts the body into front
and back halves
Sagittal plane - cuts the body into left and right halves
Transverse plane - cuts the body from top to bottom halves
How do muscles work together to make movements
Muscles create movement by flexors and extensors. When the flexor contracts it gets shorter which pulls the bone (bending the limb) . When the flexor relaxes and the extensor contracts it extends/ straightens the limb.
What is isometric and isotonic contraction
Isometric - where there is no change in the muscle length
Isotonic - where the muscle changes length causing limb motion
What is concentric and eccentric muscle contractions
Concentric - where the muscle shortens. Muscle la live closer together making them fatter
Eccentric - where the muscle lengthens whilst under pressure
