bones and CT

Question 1

How do merocrine glands secrete? Are their secretory cells altered in any way?

Answer 1

Merocrine glands secrete via exocytosis, the cells are not altered at all.

Question 2

How do holocrine glands secrete? Are their secretory cells altered in any way?

Answer 2

Holocrine cells accumulate their products within them until the cells rupture. You can say they ‘die’ for their cause

Question 3

How do apocrine glands secrete? Are their secretory cells altered in any way?

Answer 3

Apocrine cells sit just beneath the surface and accumulate their products, they eventually ‘pinch off’ a part of the cell and repair them.

Question 4

What are the four types of tissue?

Answer 4

CT proper, cartilage, bone, and blood.

Question 5

What are the five main functions of CT?

Answer 5

Supporting and binding, protecting, insulation, transporting substances, and storing reserve fuel.

Question 6

Connective tissue is composed largely of non-living ____________________.

Answer 6

Extracellular matrix

Question 7

Connective tissue all arise from _____________.

Answer 7

Mesenchyme (a type of embryonic tissue).

Question 8

What are the three main components of connective tissue?

Answer 8

Ground substance, fibers, and cells

Question 9

___________ is the unstructured material that fills the space between the cells and contains fibers.

Answer 9

Ground substance

Question 10

List the three types of fibers found in CT

Answer 10

Elastic, Reticular, and Collagen

Question 11

What types of fibers form ‘fuzzy nets’ that surround capillaries and the basement membrane?

Answer 11

Reticular fibers

Question 12

Fibroblasts turn into ______ in CT Proper when they mature.

Answer 12

Fibrocytes

Question 13

Chondroblasts turn into _______ in cartilage when they mature.

Answer 13

Chondrocytes

Question 14

Osteoblasts turn into _______ in bones when they mature.

Answer 14

Osteocytes

Question 15

What are the two main categories of CT Proper?

Answer 15

Loose CT + Dense CT

Question 16

In Loose CT, list the three types of CT.

Answer 16

• Areolar
• Adipose
• Reticular

Question 17

In Dense CT, list the three types of CT.

Answer 17

-Regular
-Irregular
-Elastic

Question 18

True or False: Areolar CT stores fat in adipocytes.

Answer 18

True! Areolar CT stores fat in adipocytes like adipose CT.

Question 19

List three functions of Areolar CT

Answer 19

• Wraps and cushions organs
• Phagocytize bacteria
• Important role in inflammation

Question 20

Adipose tissue consists of ______ % of the body’s overall mass

Answer 20

18%

Question 21

Which layer of the skin is adipose tissue mostly found?

Answer 21

subcutaneous tissue

Question 22

Reticular tissue is made of what type of fiber? What type of cells?

Answer 22

Reticular fiber. Reticular cells (fibroblasts) sit on the network of reticular fibers.

Question 23

Dense regular CT holds what type of fiber?

Answer 23

Collagen

Question 24

What are chondroblasts?

Answer 24

Chondroblasts, the predominant cell type in growing cartilage, produce new matrix until the skeleton stops growing at the end of adolescence.

Question 25

Where are chondrocytes typically found?

Answer 25

Chondrocytes (mature cartilage cells) are typically found in small groups within cavities called lacunae

Question 26

List the three types of cartilage:

Answer 26

• Hyaline cartilage (the goat)
• Elastic cartilage
• Fibrocartilage

Question 27

Hyaline cartilage is found:

Answer 27

Ends of long bones, nose, trachea, larynx, costal cartilages of ribs, and embryonic skeleton.

Question 27

Elastic cartilage is found:

Answer 27

Ears, epiglottis.

Question 28

Fibrocartilage is found:

Answer 28

intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, discs of knee joints

Question 29

Osteoblasts secrete a calcium binding protein referred to as ________.

Answer 29

osteoid

Question 30

Osteocytes work on bone ________.

Answer 30

remodelling

Question 31

True or false: Osteoclasts work on bone resorption

Answer 31

false