Bone tumours and metastases

Question 1

What is the most common primary bone tumour?

Answer 1

myeloma

Question 2

Are the majority of bone tumours primary or secondary?

Answer 2

secondary!!!

Question 3

Name five metastatic carcinomas that result in bone tumour formations in adults

Answer 3

1. bronchus 2. breast 3. prostate 4. kidney 5. thyroid (follicular)

Question 4

Two features of metastatic bone disease presentation?

Answer 4

bone pain, fractures, hypercalcaemia, spinal metastasis- spinal cord compression, back pain

Question 5

Which is the best radiological modality for detecting bone cancers?

Answer 5

PET CT

Question 6

What are the two types of bone metastases?

Answer 6

1. Lytic 2. Sclerotic

Question 7

Two clinical effects of myeloma?

Answer 7

1. bone lesions- osteopenia 2. Marrow replacement- anaemia, infections (pancytopaenia) 3. Immunoglobulin excess- bence jones protein in urine, high ESR, monoclonal band PCR (+pepperpot skull=classic myeloma!!)

Question 8

Which organ does myeloma affect?

Answer 8

kidneys

Question 9

Name one benign primary bone tumours

Answer 9

osteoid osteoma, chondroma, giant cell tumour

Question 10

Name one malignant primary bone tumours

Answer 10

osterosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing’s tumour

Question 11

What is Ewing’s sarcoma?

Answer 11

malignant, paediatric tumour affecting long bones and flat bones, very aggressive