Bone Tissue Structure And Functions Flashcards
How many bones are in the human body?
206
What are the two parts of the Skeleton?
The Axial and Appendicular Skeleton
What bones make up the Axial Skeleton?
Skull, Vertebral Column, Ribs, and Sternum
What bones make up the Appendicular Skeleton?
Shoulder Girdle, Upper limbs, Pelvic Girdle, and Lower limbs
What is the function of the Axial Skeleton?
Supports the head, neck, and trunk (torso)
What is the function of the Appendicular skeleton?
Supports the appendages or limbs and attaches them to the rest of the body.
What are the functions of the Skeletal system?
- Support
- Movement
- Protection
- Formation of blood cells
- Joints
- Attachment for muscles
- Storage
What are bones made of?
Living tissue, made from specialised cells: Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts.
What are the two main types of bone tissue?
Compact & Cancellous
Many bones have a central cavity called…
Bone Marrow
What is the function of Bone Marrow?
Source of most of the cells of the blood and a site for storage of fats.
Bone marrow only exists in one type of bone tissue…
Cancellous
What does Compact bone tissue look like?
‘Honeycomb’ like I.e., full of holes.
Solid structure to the naked eye.
Has ‘Haversian’ canals.
What are Haversian canals?
Passageways containing blood vessels, lymph capillaries, and nerves which run through the tissue.
Where is Compact bone tissue found?
Outside of most bones and in the shaft of long bones.
What does Cancellous bone tissue look like?
‘Sponge’ - like
Where is Cancellous bone tissue found?
Ends of Long bones and in Irregular, Flat, and Sesamoid bones.
Do all bones have both types of tissue?
True - the amount of each tissue depends on the type of bone.
What is the Medullary Cavity?
Hollow space in the centre/shaft (diaphysis) of long bones containing bone marrow.
What is the Periosteum?
A fibrous sheath that covers bone.
Contains blood vessels and nerves that provide nourishment and sensation to the bones.
What is the Epiphysis?
Enlarged end of long bones in hat articulates with other bones.
What is the Diaphysis?
The shaft of long bones that contains bone marrow and adipose tissue (fat).
What is an Osteon?
The cylindrical units of bone.
What is the name given to formation of bone?
Ossification
