Bone Tissue

Question 1

types of bone tissue

Answer 1

cartilage, bone, bone marrow, and periosteum

Question 2

___ tissue makes up most of skeleton

Answer 2

osseous (bone)

Question 3

cells of bone tissue

Answer 3

osteogenic, osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast

Question 4

osteogenic cells

Answer 4

progenitor cells, turn into osteoblasts

Question 5

osteoblasts

Answer 5

form bone tissue

Question 6

osteocytes

Answer 6

maintain bone tissue

Question 7

osteoclast

Answer 7

functions in resorption (the destruction of bone matrix) during remodeling

Question 8

extracellular matrix

Answer 8

25% water, 25% organic matrix, 50% crystalized mineral salts

Question 9

organic matrix mostly

Answer 9

collagen fibers

Question 10

crystalized mineral salts mostly

Answer 10

hydroxyapatite (calcium phosphate crystals)

Question 11

calcium phosphate used for

Answer 11

clotting, muscle contraction, and neuron function

Question 12

two kinds of bone

Answer 12

compact, spongy

Question 13

compact

Answer 13

consists of osteons, composes diaphysis

Question 14

compact function

Answer 14

protect and support

Question 15

compact tissue form

Answer 15

arranged in haversian systems/osteons around a central haversian canal with a blood vessel or nerve in the center surrounded by rings of osteocytes and calcified matrix

Question 16

lamellae

Answer 16

concentric rings of calcified matrix

Question 17

lacunae

Answer 17

spaces for osteocytes

Question 18

osteocytes are aligned

Answer 18

in the same direction along lines of stress

Question 19

canaliculi

Answer 19

mini canals filled with extracellular fluid that allow osteocytes to communicate

Question 20

interstitial lamellae

Answer 20

older osteons that have been partially removed during tissue remodeling

Question 21

spongy bone

Answer 21

does not have osteons, consists of trabeculae

Question 22

spongy bone found in

Answer 22

short, flat, and irregular bones, and in the epiphyses of long bones

Question 23

spongy bone function

Answer 23

store red marrow

Question 24

spongy bone form

Answer 24

latticework of trabeculae

Question 25

all embryonic connective tissue begins as

Answer 25

mesenchymal cells

Question 26

ossification

Answer 26

bone formation

Question 27

two types of ossification

Answer 27

intramembranous and endochondrial

Question 28

intramembranous ossification

Answer 28

formation of bone directly from or within fibrous connective tissue membranes

Question 29

intramembranous ossification also called

Answer 29

dermal ossification bc it occurs in deeper layers of connective tissue of dermis of skin

Question 30

intramembranous ossification forms

Answer 30

all roofing bones of skull, mandible, and clavicle

Question 31

steps of intramembranous ossification

Answer 31

development of center of ossification
osteocytes deposit mineral salts (calcification)
formation of trabeculae
development of periosteum and spongy bone and compact bone tissue

Question 32

endochondral ossification

Answer 32

formation of bone from hyaline cartilage models that are replaced by bone tissue

Question 33

endochondral ossification forms

Answer 33

all bones except roofing bones of skull, mandible, and clavicle

Question 34

steps of endochondral ossification

Answer 34

development of cartilage model
growth of cartilage model
development of primary ossification center (medullary cavity)
development of secondary ossification center (metaphysis and epiphysis)
formation of articular cartilage and epiphyseal plate

Question 35

volkmann’s canals

Answer 35

connect haversian canals