Bone Fractures Flashcards
closed/simple fracture
does not produce open wound in skin
open/compound fracture
wound through adjacent or overlying soft tissues communicates with site of break (bone sticking through skin)
comminuted fracture
bone is splintered or crushed (aka closed compound)
colles’ fracture
fracture of lower end of the radius, the lower fragment being displaced backward
greenstick fracture
one side of a bone is broken, the other is bent (most common in children)
pott’s fracture
fracture of the lower part of the fibula, with serious injury of the lower tibial articulation
displaced fracture
bones don’t line up anymore
nondisplaced fracture
bones don’t move out of alignment
epiphyseal fracture
fracture of growth plate
spiral fracture
bone breaks in a twisting motion
transverse fracture
fracture runs horizontally, perpendicular to bone
longitudinal fracture
fracture runs along axis of bone
fracture repair
formation of a fracture hematoma, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling
formation of fracture hematoma
immediate clot, sharp fracture line associated with soft tissue swelling
fibrocartilaginous callus formation
2 weeks, visible callus, cartilage begins to cover ends of the fracture, new osseous tissue produced endochondrally
bony callus formation
2 months, fracture line begins to disappear
bone remodeling
5-6 months, marrow cavity is continuous and compact bone of diaphysis has been reformed
impacted/compression fracture
broken ends of the bone are jammed together
