Bone Part 1 ,2 Flashcards
Give me Three Structural classification of joint ?
1- Fibrous
2- Cartilaginous
3- Synovial
Functional of Joint give me three
And meaning
1- Synthroses ➡️immovable
2- Amphiarthroses ➡️slightly movable
3- Diarthtoses➡️freely movable
Fibrous tissue : Type , Function ,Example
Suture ➡️Synarthrosis ➡️Temporofrontal
Gomphosis ➡️Synarthrosis ➡️Teeth
Syndesmosis ➡️Amphiarthrosis ➡️Tibia-Fibula
Fibrous structural
(Syndsmosis)
Give me example
Immovalible to slightly Varible
Tibia and fibula and Radius And ulna
Cartilage joint: Type and Function Example
Synchordrisis ➡️Synarthrosis ➡️ribs and sternum
Symphysis ➡️Amphiarthrosis ➡️pubis
Synchondroses
Type and movment and example
Type :Hyaline cartilge
Movment : Synthrotic
Example :
Epiphysel plate of Childern
Joint between costal cartilage of the first rib and sternum
Symphasis
Give me type and movment and Example :
1- type : Hylain cartilage ,Fibrocartilage
2- movment :Amphiathrotic flexabilaty
3- Example : Intervertbral joint pubic symphasis of the pelvis
Synovial joint
Type , functional , Example
Type and example
1- Monoaxial ➡️Hinge &pivot
2-Biaxial ➡️Elliposodial & saddle
3- Triaxial ➡️ball and socket
Movement Diarthrosis
Synovial joint have general Structure
1- Articular Cartilage
2- joint synovial cavity
3-Articular capsule
4-Synovial fluid
5-Reinforcing ligamint
Synovial -joint frication-Reducing
1- Bursa : Flattented ,Fibrosis saces lined with synovial membrane contaning fluid
Ex: ligamint , muscle , skin tendone or bone rube togather
2- Tendon sheath : elongate bursa compeletely around tendone
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Stability of Synovial joint
Articular surfaces – shape determines what
movements are possible • Ligaments – unite bones and prevent excessive or
undesirable motion
Muscle tendons across joints are the most important
stabilizing factor • Tendons are kept tight at all times by muscle tone
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Synovial joint Movement
Muscle attachment across a joint
• Origin – attachment to the immovable bone • Insertion – attachment to the movable bone
• Described as movement along transverse, frontal, or
sagittal planes
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Synovial joint : Range of movement
Nonaxial – slipping movements only • Uniaxial – movement in one plane • Biaxial – movement in two planes • Multiaxial – movement in or around all three planes
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Gliding Movement
One flat bone surface glides or slips over another similar
surface • Examples – intercarpal and intertarsal joints, and between
the flat articular processes of the vertebrae
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Angular movement
Flexion • Extension • Dorsiflexion and
plantar flexion of
the foot • Abduction • Adduction • Circumduction
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Rotation (Synovial joint )
The turning of a bone
around its own long
axis • Examples:
• Between first two
vertebrae (C1 & C2) • Hip and shoulder
joints
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Special Movement of (Rotastion )
Supination
and pronation • Inversion and
eversion
• Protraction
and retraction • Elevation and
depression
• Opposition
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Types of Synovial Joints
Plane
Hinge
Pivot
Ball and socket
Eliposed
Saddle
(Synovial joint) Plane joint
De .EX
Articular surface are essenastially flat
Allow only slibbing or gliding
Nonaxial joint
Hinge joint (synovial joint )
Defenation and example
Cylinder projection
Flextion and extenation only
Motion single plane
Elbow and interphalange joint
Pivot joint (synovial joint )
Rounded end of one
bone protrudes into a “sleeve,” or ring, composed of bone (and possibly ligaments) of another
Axis and dense proximal radioandulnar joint
Only unixial movement allowed
Condyloid or ELLipsidal joint (Synovial joint )
Oval articular surface
of one bone fits into a complementary depression in another
• Both articular surfaces
are oval • Biaxial joints permit
all angular motions • Examples: radiocarpal
(wrist) joints, and
metacarpophalangeal
(knuckle) joints