Bone Of The Upper Limb Flashcards
Upper limb is consist of
- Pectoral girdle: clavicle and scapula
- Free part ( pars libera membri superioris) : A humerus, F radius, ulna, H carpal bone, metacarpal bone, phalange
What is clavicle
Is elongated S shape bone which is contoured by many muscles which attach to if
clavicle extend btw
Btw the manubrium of the sternum and the acromion of the scapula
What is the most fracture bone in the upper limb
Clavicle
What are the three main functions of clavicle
Attaches
Protect
Transmit
What does it call the two end of clavicle
Acromial
Stern Al
What are the two fancies of the acromial and sternal
Facies articulatris sternalis
Facies articularis acromialis
Is quite rough and has many prominent lone indicating site where the muscle and ligaments may attach to the bone
Inferior surface of clavicle
- Attachment point of trapezoid ligaments
- For subclavius muscles
- The site where the conoid ligament attaches
- Impression of
- Trapezoid line
2 subclavian groove - Conoid tubercle
- For costalclavicular ligaments
Where is mist common fracture in the clavicle
The middle third of clavicle
Which muscle get damage
Sterbocleidomastoid muscle
What are the three types of the fracture of lateral third of clavicle
Fracture with no disruption of ligament and therefore no displacement
Fracture with tear of Cora coracoclavicura ligament and upward displacement of medial fragments
Fracture through acromioclavicular joints no displacement and it may course painful osteoarthritis requiring resection arthoplasty
Posterior surface of scapula
Articulate with humerus at the glenohumeral join and clavicle at the acromiiclvicular joints
Where the scapula located
At the back of the trunk and resides over the posterior surface of rib 2 to 7
Explain the attachment of 1. Glenoid cavity 2. Infraglenoid tubercle 3. Supraglenoid tubercle
1 part of scapula articulation with head of humerus
2 the place at attachment of the long head of the triceps brachii
3 the place of attachment of long head of the biceps brachii
Suprascpular notch
Is converted into foremen by transverse scapular ligament and its serves as passage for suprascapularnerve and suprascapular artery over the ligaments
Coracoid process
Allow the attachment of various muscles and ligaments
What is humerus
Is the longest and largest bone of the upper limb which extends from shoulder to elbow
Humerus articulated with
Scapula at the glenohumeral joint and radius and ulna at the elbow joint
What does it consist of
Proximal end
Shaft
Distal end
Anterior view has
Greater and Lester tuberosity
Radial and coronoid fossa
Medial and lateral epicondyle
Capitulum and trochlea
Deltoid tuberosity
Bicipitak groove
Explain greater and lesser tuberosity
Greater is consist of three smooth and flat impression at the posterosuperior aspect for the attachment of roraroe cuff muscles
Lessrer it provides attachment for tge subscapularis
Explain radial and coronoid fossa
Radial. Named as the margin of the head of the radius lodges there full flexion
Coronoid. During flexion of the elbow it’d lodges into the coronoid fossa
Explain lateral and medial epicondyle
Lateral. The Common extensor origin for muscle of the posterior forearm
Medial. The common flexor origin for muscle of the anterior forearm
Explain capitulum and trochlea
Capitulum. Articulate with the head of radius
Trochlea . Articulate with trochlear notch of the ulna
Explain deltoid tuberosity and bicipital groove
Deltoid. Roughened v shaped region located laterally on the mid-shaft of the humerus’s
Bicipital groove. Narrow groove located btw greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus
Posterior view of humerus
Head of the humerus: it articulate with the glenoid fossa of the scapula
Anatomical neck: the site of attachment of the joint capsule
Surgical neck: found inferior to the head of humerus
Radial groove: radial deep brachial artery
Olecranon fossa: is deep hollowed area on the posterior surface, superior to the trochlea
Groove for ulnar nerve: where the ulnar nerve runs
Radius
Is lateral and shorter of the two forearm bones and is long bone in forearm
What is the proximal end of the radius and distal end
Proximal: has head which articulates with both the distal humerus and the proximal ulna
Distal: articulate with the head of the ulna and carpal bone at wrist
Articular circumference
Is place within the radial notch of the ulna
Ulnar notch
Articulate with the head of ulna
Explain the head of radius and neck of radius
Head: articulates with the Capitulum of the humerus as part of the elbow joint
Neck: lie btw the radial head and radial tuberosity
Radial tuberosity
Located on the middle side of proximal radius
The place of the attachment of the biceps brachii muscle
Radial styloid process
Is larger than ulnar styloid process and extend farther dismally
Because of the the rand of wrist abduction (radial deviations) is lees the wrist abduction range of ( ulnar deviation)
Carpal articular surface
Articulations face for carpal bone . Scaphoid laterally and lunate medially
What is ulna
Is the medial bone of the forearm and the longer of the two parallel forearm bones
Ulna proximal articulate where
Proximal articulate with the humerus proximally and the head if radius laterally
Olceranon
The triceps brachii muscle attaches to its superior surface
Radial and trochlea notch explanations
Radial : articulate with the circumference of the radial head
Trochlea: formed by olcranon and coronoid process
Coronoid process and ulnar styloid process
Coronoid: is accommodated by the coronoid fossa in the anterior aspect of the distal humerus during flexsion
Styloid process: projecting from the posterior side of the ulnar head
Ulnar tuberosity and head of ulna
Tuberosity: it’s where brachialis muscle attaches
Head of ulna: articulate with ulnar notch of distal radius
Manus or hand bone
Provide support and flexibility to the soft tissue
What is the distal and proximal raw of manus bone
Proximal: scaphoid, lunate triquertrum, pisiform
Distal: traperzium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
