Bone marrow failure

Question 1

Three causes of pancytopenia?

Answer 1

Congenital: Fanconi’s anaemia

Acquired

• Idiopathic aplastic anaemia
• Leukaemia/ lymphoma/myelodysplaia
• Infection
• Radiation
• Drugs

Question 2

Name two drugs that cause pancytopenia

Answer 2

  Cytotoxic: cyclophos, azathioprine, methotrexate 
  Abx: chloramphenicol, sulphonamides 
  Diuretic: thiazides 
  Anti-thyroid: carbimazole 
  Anti-psychotic: clozapine 
  Anti-epileptic: phenytoin

Question 3

Name two features of clinical presentation of aplastic anaemia

Answer 3

Anaemia
Infections
Bleeding

Question 4

List two causes of aplastic anaemia

Answer 4

Inherited: Fanconi’s syndrome

Acquired: drugs, viruses, SLE
radiation
chemo
idiopathic

Question 5

Name one infection that causes pancytopenia

Answer 5

HIV

parovirus

Question 6

Two management options of aplastic anaemia?

Answer 6

supportive: transfusion
immunosuppression
bone marrow transplant- allogeneic