Bone Marrow

Question 1

leukocytosis

Answer 1

increased WBCs

Question 2

neutrophilia

Answer 2

leukocytosis of neutrophils specifically

Question 3

reasons blood count could be disrupted

Answer 3

problems with synthesis in the bone marrow, problems with distribution, increased destruction/clearance/loss

Question 4

what does looking at the bone marrow allow you to do?

Answer 4

rule in or out a production issue, monitor leukemia response to therapy, stage tumor (stage 4)

Question 5

where is the most common location to take bone marrow?

Answer 5

iliac crest

Question 6

what does an aspirate tell you?

Answer 6

morphology, ancillary studies. due to its dissociated cells, can get flow cytometry information and genetic studies

Question 7

what can a bone marrow biopsy tell you?

Answer 7

architecture, spatial relations, cellularity. can use pieces for immunohistochemistry information

Question 8

tests to determine immunophenotype

Answer 8

flow cytometry & immunohistochemistry

Question 9

relationship of biopsy with age

Answer 9

with increasing age, hematopoietic elements decrease and fat accumulates. % cellularity=100-age (infant=100)

Question 10

which cells do we look for in an aspirate?

Answer 10

granulocyte precursors (myeloid), erythroid precursors, megakaryocytes

Question 11

myeloid maturation

Answer 11

oval nucleus to convoluted/segmented nucleus. chromatin condenses. cytoplasm acquires granules.

Question 12

erythroid maturation

Answer 12

perfectly circular nuclei that is eventually expelled. cytoplasm gains hemoglobin.