Bone Markings

Question 1

Acetabulum

Answer 1

Deep articular depression formed by fusion of ilium, ischium, and pubic bones. Articulates with head of femur.

Question 2

Calcaneal tuber

Answer 2

Point of the hock that acts as a site of attachment for the “Achilles tendon”

Question 3

Costal fovea or articular facets for ribs

Answer 3

Cup-like depressions found between adjacent thoracic vertebrae that the head of the rib fits in

Question 4

Coxal tuber or hook bone

Answer 4

Large process on ilium that projects laterally. Especially noticeable in bovids.

Question 5

Deltoid tuberosity

Answer 5

A V-shaped roughened area on the humerus that serve as a point of attachment for the deltoid muscle.

Question 6

Dens or odontoid process

Answer 6

Peg-like process on axis around which atlas rotates

Question 7

External auditory meatus

Answer 7

Tube-like canal found in the temporal bone through which sound waves pass to reach the eardrum

Question 8

Foramen magnum

Answer 8

Large hole in the back of the skull that the spinal cord passes through

Question 9

Glenoid cavity or fossa

Answer 9

Depression found on the point of scapula where the head of the humerus articulates with the scapula

Question 10

Greater trochanter of the femur

Answer 10

Large protuberance located lateral to the head of femur that acts as a site of muscle attachment

Question 11

Head of humerus

Answer 11

Spherical process on the proximal end of the humerus that articulates with glenoid cavity of scapula

Question 12

Head of femur

Answer 12

Spherical process on the proximal end of the femur that articulates with acetabulum of the pelvis

Question 13

Infra- and supraspinous fossa

Answer 13

Nonarticular depressions found on both sides of the spine of the scapula

Question 14

Ischial tuber or pin bone

Answer 14

Large process on ischium that projects laterally. Especially noticeable in bovids.

Question 15

Lateral and medial epicondyle of humerus

Answer 15

Rough projections found on the distal end of the humerus that project laterally and medially (funny bone)

Question 16

Mandibular condyle

Answer 16

A smoothly curved surface on the mandible, which articulates with the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint

Question 17

Mandibular fossa

Answer 17

A transverse depression on the temporal bone, which articulates with the mandible to form the temporomandibular joint

Question 18

Obturator foramen

Answer 18

Two large holes in the pelvis that are formed by pubic bone and ischium

Question 19

Occipital condyles

Answer 19

Two large cylindrical processes, found on both sides of the foramen magnum, that articulates with the atlas

Question 20

Olecranon tuber or process

Answer 20

Process on the ulna that forms the “point of the elbow” and acts as a site of attachment for tricep muscles

Question 21

Sacral tuber

Answer 21

Large process on ilium that projects medially and articulates with the sacrum to form the sacroiliac joint

Question 22

Spinous process

Answer 22

Pointed process that projects dorsally from the vertebrae

Question 23

Supraglenoid tubercle

Answer 23

A small rounded projection found above the glenoid cavity of the scapula

Question 24

Transverse process

Answer 24

Paired processes that project laterally from the vertebrae

Question 25

Trochlea of the humerus

Answer 25

Spool-like process on the distal end of the humerus that articulates with radius

Question 26

Spine of the scapula

Answer 26

Pointed ridge on the scapula that serves as a site of muscle attachment

Question 27

Zygomatic arch

Answer 27

Bony basis of the cheek formed by articulation of the temporal and zygomatic bones

Question 28

Plantigrade

Answer 28

Animals walking on the whole sole of food (pes) {and palm of hand (manus)}

• Ex: humans, bears

Question 29

Digitigrade

Answer 29

Animals walking on the toes with the caudal part of the foot raised off ground

• Ex: cats, dogs

Question 30

Unguligrade

Answer 30

Animals walking on hooves that cover the tips of distal phalanges

• Ex: horses, ruminants, pigs