Bone Classification

Question 1

Name the 2 types of bone tissue

Answer 1

Compact and cancellous

Question 2

True or False: Compact and cancellous bone is made up of different material

Answer 2

False - they are made up of the same tissue, but with different structures

Question 3

Name and describe the 5 functions of the skeleton

Answer 3

1. SUPPORT to hold up rest of body
2. As levers for muscles to act against to produce MOVEMENT
3. PROTECTION of major organs
4. STORAGE of minerals and trace elements
5. RBC FORMATION in marrow of long bones

Question 4

Name 2 attributes of compact bone

Answer 4

• strong

- good at transmitting force in one direction (same direction as structure

Question 5

Name 3 attributes of cancellous bone

Answer 5

• light and spongy
• shock absorbing
• resists forces from multiple directions (as struts/fibres in multiple directions)

Question 6

Name the 4 types of bones

Answer 6

Long, short, flat, irregular

Question 7

Name an example and 3 key features of a long bone

Answer 7

• length > width
• wider epiphyses (cancellous) and longer, narrower diaphysis (thick compact bone)
• act as levers for movements
  e. g. all limb bones (humerus, femur)

Question 8

Name an example and 3 key features of a short bone

Answer 8

• length about = width
• mostly cancellous bone
• weight bearing and shock absorbing
  e. g. carpals, tarsals

Question 9

Name an example and 3 key features of a flat bone

Answer 9

• usually for muscle attachment
• also protection (e.g. skull)
• thin layer of compact bone which sandwiches cancellous (diploe) bone
  e. g. scapula, skull

Question 10

Name an example and 3 key features of an irregular bone

Answer 10

• everything else that doesn’t fit into long, short or flat
• often have foramina (holes)
• various shapes and functions
  e. g. vertebrae