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MSK > bone and soft tissue infection > Flashcards

bone and soft tissue infection Flashcards

1
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

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2
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
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3
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
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3
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4
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
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3
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5
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
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3
4
5
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6
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
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3
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5
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7
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
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3
4
5
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8
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
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3
4
5
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11
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
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2
3
4
5
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12
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
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3
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5
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13
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
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2
3
4
5
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14
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
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15
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
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2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

who gets acute osteomyelitis ?

A

mostly children
M>F
history of trauma
other disease - DM, RA, immune compromise, long-term steroids, HbS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

70
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

71
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
72
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
73
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
74
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
75
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

76
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
77
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
78
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
79
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

80
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

81
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
82
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
83
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
84
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
85
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

86
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
87
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
88
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
89
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

90
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

91
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
92
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
93
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
94
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
95
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

96
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
97
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
98
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
99
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

100
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

101
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
102
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
103
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
104
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
105
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

106
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
107
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
108
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
109
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

110
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

111
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
112
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
113
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
114
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
115
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

116
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
117
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
118
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
119
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

120
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

121
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
122
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
123
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
124
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
125
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

126
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
127
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
128
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
129
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

130
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

131
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
132
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
133
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
134
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
135
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

136
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
137
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
138
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
139
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

140
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

141
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
142
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
143
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
144
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
145
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

146
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
147
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
148
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
149
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

150
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

151
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
152
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
153
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
154
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
155
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

156
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
157
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
158
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
159
Q

what do radiographs show in

A

early - minimal changes

10-20

160
Q

what are the different sources of infection of acute osteomyelitis ?

A

haematogenous spread - children and elderly
local spread from contiguous site of infection - trauma, surgery
secondary to vascular insufficiency

161
Q

what are source of infection of AOM in infants, children and adults ?

A

infants - infected umbilical cord
children - boils, tonsillitis, skin abrasion
adults - UTI, arterial line

162
Q

what is the most common organisms involved in osteomyelitis for infants children and adults ?

A

STAPH AUREUS FOR ALL

infants - group B strep, E coli
children - strep progenies, haemophilus
adults - TB, pseudomonas

specific 
diabetic foot - anaerobes
sickle cell - salmonella
fishermen - mycobacterium marinum
HIV - candida
163
Q

what is the pathophysiology of osteomyelitis ?

A 
starts at metaphysis
vascular stasis and acute inflammation
suppuration increased pressure
release of pressure into joint/subperiosteal/medulla
necrosis of bone - sequestrum
new bone formation - involucrum
resolution
164
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in infants ?

A 
may be minimal or very ill
failure to thrive
drowsy/ irritable
metaphyseal tenderness and swelling
decreased ROM
positional change 
commonest round knee
165
Q

what are clinical features of osteomyelitis in children ?

A 
severe pain
reluctant to move/weight bear
tender fever and tachycardia
malaise
toxaemia
166
Q

what are clinical features of acute osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

primary OM commonly thoracolumbar spine
backache
history of UTI/ urological procedure
elderly, diabetic, immunocompromised

secondary more common - open fracture, surgery

167
Q

how do you investigate osteomyelitis ?

A 
history and exam
FBC - neutrophil leucocytosis
ESR, CRP
blood cultures X3
U+Es
xray, USS, aspiration
bone scan, MRI
168
Q

what are differential bone diagnoses to osteomyelitis ?

A 
acute septs arthritis 
acute inflammatory arthritis
trauma
transient synovitis 
rarely - sickle cell, Gaucher's, rheumatic fever, haemophilia
169
Q

what are differential skin conditions to osteomyelitis ?

A 
cellulitis 
erysipelas
necrotising fasciitis 
gas gangrene
toxic shock
170
Q

what do radiographs show in

A

early - minimal changes

10-20 days

MSK (29 decks)

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