Bone Flashcards
What are the main functions of connective tissue?
Binding, support, protection, insulation and transportation.
What are the three main types of connective tissue, and what do they consist of?
Proper - Fibers can be loosely packed or densely packed.
Fluid - blood (cardiovascular) and lymph
Supporting - cartilage and bone
What is the function of the skeletal system?
Support, protection, storage of calcium and phosphorous, blood cell production and leverage for muscle system
What is bone made up of?
Specialised cells that make up 2% of its weight and strong flexible matrix consisting of collagen fibers and calcium phosphate crystals.
What are the general shapes a bone can be?
Long, short, flat and irregular.
What does a long bone consist of?
Periosteum, articular cartilage, compact bone, spongy bone, endosteum, blood vessels, marrow cavity and epiphyseal.
What is needed for normal bone growth?
Minerals - calcium and phosphate
Vitamines - D3, C and A
Hormones - Growth, sex and thyroid
Define wolffs law.
Bones in healthy people and animals will adapt to the load which is placed on it.
What are the three types of cartilage?
Hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage
What is cartilage covered in?
Fibrous perichondrium.
Cartilage is avascular. What does this mean?
No blood vessels
What is the purpose of cartilage?
Shock absorption, gliding between bones, and resists tension and compression by spreading pressure.
How does cartilage get nutrients?
Diffusion.
What does hyaline cartilage look like?
blue-ish or white/transparent in young cartilage
yellow or discolored in aged cartilage.
Where is hyaline cartilage found?
Found in all synovial joints, in the trachea and sternum
