Bonding, Structure and Properties of Matter Flashcards
What is a particle model?
Models depicting states of matter (solid, liquid, gas).
Why might a substance have a high melting point?
It has strong bonds.
What are properties of ionic compounds?
Giant structures of ions.
Held together by strong forces of attraction.
High boiling/melting points.
Do not conduct electricity when solid.
Can conduct electricity when molten or in a solution.
What are examples of giant covalent structures?
diamond, graphite, silicon
What are properties of giant covalent structures?
Very strong covalent bonds.
Very high melting/boiling points.
How is graphite structured and what are its properties?
Layered, hexagon structure allows delocalised electrons to pass in-between; can conduct heat and electricity.
What is graphene and its properties?
A single layer of graphite (a form of carbon).
Transparent, good thermal/electrical conductor, very strong.
What are fullerene molecules?
Hollow shapes formed from carbon which contain differing numbers of carbon atoms.
What are uses of fullerenes?
Delivers drugs into the body.
Lubricants.
Catalysts.
Reinforcing materials.
What are polymers?
Very large molecules which are synthetic.
What are properties of polymers?
Held together by strong covalent bonds.
Intermolecular forces are quite strong.
Cheap and strong (mainly used in plastic bottles and bags).
They are a solid at room temperature.
Where does metallic bonding occur?
Metallic elements (iron, copper), alloys (stainless steel).
What are some properties of metals?
Metallic bonds are very strong, so high melting/boiling points.
Delocalised electrons allow for energy transfer.
Good thermal/electrical conductors.
Layers can easily slide, meaning metals are malleable.
What are some uses of aluminium?
High voltage power cables. Furniture. Drinks cans. Foil. Food wrap.
What are properties of aluminium?
Corrosive resistant. Ductile. Malleable. Good conductivity. Low density.
