Bonding

Question 1

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 1

> lose or gain electrons to get a full outer shell
attract to opposite charge
strong electrostatic charge

Question 2

What are cations?

Answer 2

> ions with a positive charge

>lose electrons to get a positive charge

Question 3

What are anions?

Answer 3

> ions with a negative charge

>gain electrons to get a negative charge

Question 4

What are ions?

Answer 4

> element with a full outer shell
gained or lost electrons
positive or negative charge

Question 5

What is covalent bonding?

Answer 5

> the electrons from their outer shell are shared between atoms
made between non-metal elements
strongest bond

Question 6

What are the properties of graphite?

Answer 6

> conduct electricity - each carbon atom has one spare electron
high melting point - lattice so takes a lot of energy to overcome intermolecular forces
soft and slippery - made up of layers that are weakly joined together

Question 7

What are the properties of diamond?

Answer 7

> strong - carbon atoms use all 4 covalent bonds
good insulator - no delocalised electrons
high melting point -lattice so takes a lot of energy to overcome intermolecular forces

Question 8

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 8

> group of positively charged metal ions with no outer shell

>sea of delocalised electrons that are bonded with the metal ions by strong electrostatic forces

Question 9

What are the properties of metallic bonds?

Answer 9

> hard - strong electrostatic forces keep the ions and electrons together
malleable - there is space between the ions to bend but stays together because of the strong forces
conducts electricity - electricity can go from one electron to another easily
high melting point - lattice so takes a lot of energy to overcome the forces