Bonding

Question 1

What is an ion

Answer 1

A charged particle that has lost of gained electrons
A positive ion has lost electrons
A negative ion has gained electrons

Question 2

What is ionic bonding

Answer 2

A metal (positively charged ions) will react with a non metal (negatively charged ion) to form a neutral compound
The opposite charges are attracted by electrostatic forces of attraction

Question 3

What is a giant ionic lattice

Answer 3

Positively and negatively charged ions
Will be compacted due to electrostatic forces of attraction

Question 4

Properties of ionic compounds

Answer 4

High melting and boiling points
Can’t conduct electricity when solid but when molten electrons (delocalised) can carry a charge
Dissolve easily in water (can conduct electricity)

Question 5

What is covalent bonding

Answer 5

Two or more non metals
Share pairs of electrons
Have full outer shells of electrons
Held together by electrostatic forces of attraction making the bonds very strong but have weak intermolecular forces

Question 6

Properties of simple covalent structures

Answer 6

Weak forces of attraction so usually gases
Do not conduct electricity (not charged)

Question 7

Properties of giant covalent structures

Answer 7

High melting points
do not conduct electricity (not graphite/ graphene)

Question 8

Daimond

Answer 8

4 carbons bonded together in a rigid structure
Do not conduct electricity
Hard
High melting point

Question 9

Graphite

Answer 9

3 carbons bonded together in layers of graphene
Can conduct electricity as there is a delocalised electron
Soft as layers slide over each other
Lubricant

Question 10

Silicon dioxide

Answer 10

One silicone bonded to four oxygen (each oxygen bonded to two silicone)
Sometimes known as silica

Question 11

Fullerene

Answer 11

Form closed tubes or balls
Used in drug delivery
Large surface area so are catalysts
Lubricants
Tensile strength (don’t break when shredded)

Question 12

what is metallic bonding

Answer 12

bonding of metals and delocalised electrons

Question 13

Properties of metallic bonding

Answer 13

Solid at room temperature
Good conductors of electricity and heat
Mallable

Question 14

Why are alloys harder than metals

Answer 14

Okay alloys are a mixture of two or more metals (or other materials) so therefore has a mixture of element sizes so layers can’t slide over each other as easily