Bonding Flashcards
What are the three types of bonding?
- Ionic (metals + nonmetals)
- Covalent (nonmetals + nonmetals)
- Metallic (metals + metals)
What is an Ion?
An electrically charged particle formed when an atom (or group of atoms) loses or gains electrons.
What group in the periodic table corresponds to what ionic charge?
Group. Charge
1 +
2 2+
3 3+
5 3-
6 2-
7 -
Hydrogen Ion
H -
Zinc Ion
Zn 2+
Silver Ion
Ag +
Ammonium Ion
NH4 2+
Hydroxide Ion
OH -
Nitrate Ion
NO3 -
Carbonate Ion
CO3 2-
Sulphate Ion
SO4 2-
What is a Cation?
A positively charged ion (+)
What is an Anion?
A negatively charged ion (-)
Ionic bond definition
Ionic bonds are electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. They are very strong.
Describe how an ionic bond works
Metals transfer electrons to nonmetals to form ions. Metal ions are cations, nonmetal ions are anions, and the opposite charges attract to form a bond.
What is the overall charge in an ionic compound and why?
0, because the charges cancel each other out.
How do you know what charges transition metals have?
Transition metals are assigned a roman numeral for the positively charged ion. Eg. Copper (II) oxide = Cu 2+ O 2- = CuO
In ionic bonding, what charges cancel?
Equal and opposite charges
In ionic bonding, if the charges are not equal, what method do you use
The crossover method
Why do metal atoms transfer their electrons to nonmetal atoms?
To get a full outer shell
What are covalent bonds?
Electrostatic forces of attraction between a shared pair of electrons and their nuclei.
Why do atoms share their electrons in covalent bonding?
To get a full outer shell
How many pairs of electrons are in a single bond?
one
How many pairs of electrons are in a double bond?
two
