body planes and cavities Flashcards
——- are cuts along imaginary lines known as ——-
sections, planes
Divides the body or organ into left and right parts.
This cut can be made anywhere along the body or organ, resulting in left and right portions of varying sizes.
SAGITTAL PLANE
Divides the body or organ into equal left and right parts.
FRONTAL (CORONAL) PLANE
This plane specifically cuts the body or organ into two symmetrical halves
MEDIAN (MID-SAGITTAL) PLANE
is a lengthwise cut that divides the body or organ into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts.
This is also known as a coronal section
FRONTAL (CORONAL) PLANE
Two internal body cavities
Dorsal
Ventral
DORSAL BODY CAVITY consists of two subdivisions that are continuous with each other:
CRANIAL CAVITY
SPINAL CAVITY
is a horizontal cut that divides the body or organ into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts.
This is also referred to as a cross section.
TRANSVERSE (CROSS) PLANE
Located inside the skull, it houses and protects the brain.
CRANIAL CAVITY
Extends from the cranial cavity down to the end of the spinal cord.
The spinal cord, a continuation of the brain, is protected by the bony vertebrae that surround it.
SPINAL CAVITY
is much larger than the dorsal cavity and contains all structures within the chest and abdomen.
VENTRAL BODY CAVITY
VENTRAL BODY CAVITY is divided into two main subdivisions separated by the diaphragm:
THORACIC CAVITY
ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY
The superior portion, separated from the abdominal cavity by the diaphragm.
THORACIC CAVITY
It houses organs like the heart and lungs, which are protected by the ribcage.
THORACIC CAVITY
The ———, a central region within the thoracic cavity, separates the lungs and houses the heart, trachea, and other visceral organs.
mediastinum
Cavity inferior to the diaphragm
ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY
contains the stomach, liver, and other organs which are protected only by trunk muscles
Superior abdominal cavity
Contains the appendix, colon, small intestine, ureter, and major vein and artery to the right leg.
Right Lower Quadrant
contains reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum which are somewhat protected by the pony pelvis
Inferior pelvic cavity
ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY SUBDIVISIONS
4 QUADRANTS
Right Upper Quadrant
Left Upper Quadrant
Right Lower Quadrant
Left Lower Quadrant
Contains the liver, right kidney, gallbladder, a portion of the colon, and pancreas.
Right Upper Quadrant
Contains the stomach, left kidney, spleen, a portion of the colon, and pancreas.
Left Upper Quadrant
Contains the colon, small intestine, ureter, and major vein and artery to the left leg.
Left Lower Quadrant
9 REGIONS of abdominal cavity
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Right Hypochondriac Region
Epigastric Region
Left Hypochondriac Region
Right Lumbar Region
Umbilical Region
Left Lumbar Region
Right Iliac (Inguinal) Region
Hypogastric (Pubic) Region
Left Iliac (Inguinal) Region
Contains the liver, right kidney, gallbladder, and intestines.
Right Hypochondriac Region
Located superior to the umbilical region, it contains the liver, stomach, spleen, duodenum, adrenal glands, and pancreas.
Epigastric Region
Contains the stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, and intestines.
Left Hypochondriac Region
Contains the appendix, cecum, ascending colon, and small intestine.
Right Iliac (Inguinal) Region
Contains the ascending colon, small intestine, and right kidney.
Right Lumbar Region
The centermost region surrounding the navel; contains the duodenum, small intestine, and transverse colon.
Umbilical Region
Contains the descending colon, small intestine, and left kidney.
Left Lumbar Region
Located inferior to the umbilical region, it contains the bladder, sigmoid colon, small intestine, and reproductive organs.
Hypogastric (Pubic) Region
Contains the sigmoid colon, descending colon, and small intestine.
Left Iliac (Inguinal) Region
The mouth contains the tongue and teeth, and is continuous with the digestive organs, opening to the exterior at the anus.
ORAL AND DIGESTIVE CAVITIES
Located within and posterior to the nose, part of the respiratory system
NASAL CAVITY
Houses the eyes, presenting them in an anterior position.
ORBITAL CAVITIES
Located in the skull, lies just medial to the eardrums, and contains tiny bones that transmits sound vibrations to the hearing receptors in the inner ears.
MIDDLE EAR CAVITIES
