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Body Systems > Body Planes > Flashcards

Body Planes Flashcards

1
Q

Shape and structure of an organism’s body and the relationship of one body part to another

A

anatomy

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2
Q

Function of each body part and how the functions of various body parts coordinate to form a complete living organism

A

physiology

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3
Q

Study of large and easily observable structures on an organism. This is done through dissection and visible inspection with the naked eye.

A

gross anatomy

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4
Q

Use of microscopes to enable one to see the minute details of organ parts.

A

microscopic anatomy

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5
Q

Studies the growth and development of an organism during its lifetime.

A

developmental anatomy

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6
Q

Study of the similarities and differences with human organs and those of the animal kingdom.

A

comparative anatomy

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7
Q

Study of the structure of various organs or parts that comprise a particular organ system.

A

systematic anatomy

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8
Q

Front or in front of. The knees are located on the anterior surface of the human body.

A

anterior or ventral

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9
Q

Back or in back of. Human shoulder blades are found on the posterior surface of the body.

A

posterior or dorsal

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10
Q

Toward the “head end” or “tail end”. ______ means “skull” or “head end”. ____ means “tail end”.

A

cephalic and caudal

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11
Q

Above or below another. The heart and lungs are situated superior to the diaphragm, while the intestines are inferior to them.

A

superior and inferior

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12
Q

Toward or away from the midline. The nose is medial to the eyes and the ears are lateral to the nose.

A

medial and lateral

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13
Q

Toward or away from the point of attachment or origin. The wrist is proximal to the hand; the elbow is distal to the shoulder.

A

proximal and distal

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14
Q

On or near the surface or deep inside. A ______ wound involves an injury to the outer skin. A _______ involves damage to an internal organ such as the stomach.

A

superficial / external and internal

  1. superficial
  2. deep injury
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15
Q

Right and left parts

A

sagittal plane

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16
Q

Equal right and left parts

A

midsagittal plane

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17
Q

Vertical at right angles to the sagittal plane, or front and back parts

A

coronal (frontal) plane

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18
Q

Horizontal; divides body into upper and lower parts

A

transverse or cross section

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19
Q
  1. Brain and spinal cord
  2. Cranial cavity contains the brain
  3. Spinal cavity contains the spine
A

dorsal cavity

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20
Q

Contains the esophagus, bronchi, lungs, trachea, thymus gland and heart.

A

thoracic cavity

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21
Q
  1. Abdominal cavity contains the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, small intestine, appendix, and part of the large intestine.
  2. Pelvic cavity contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, rectum, the remainder of the large intestine, and the appendix.
A

abdominopelvic cavity

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22
Q

Just below sternum

A

epigastric region (upper)

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23
Q

Just below ribs

A

right and left hypochondriac

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24
Q

Located around the navel

A

umbilical (middle)

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25
Q

Extend from anterior to posterior

A

right and left lumbar

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26
Q

Pubic area

A

hypogastric (lower)

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27
Q

Aka right and left inguinal areas

A

right and left iliac

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28
Q

Eyes, eyeball muscles, optic nerves, and lacrimal (tear) ducts

A

orbital cavity

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29
Q

Parts that form the nose

A

nasal cavity

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30
Q

Teeth and tongue

A

buccal cavity

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31
Q

Muscle system, the ability of the whole organism – or a part of it – to move

A

movement

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32
Q

Digestive system, the process by which an organism takes in food

A

ingestion

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33
Q

Digestive system, the breakdown of complex food molecules into simpler food molecules

A

digestion

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34
Q

Circulatory system, the movement of necessary substances to, into, and around cells, and of cellular products and wastes out of and away from cells

A

transport

35
Q

Respiratory system, the burning or oxidation of food molecules in a cell to release energy, water, and carbon dioxide

A

respiration

36
Q

Digestive system

A

synthesis

37
Q

Digestive system, the transformation of digested food molecules into living tissue for growth and self-repair

A

assimilation

38
Q

Skeletal system, the enlargement of an organism due to synthesis and assimilation, resulting in an increase in the number and size of its cells

A

growth

39
Q

Endocrine system, the formation and release of hormones from a cell or structure

A

secretion

40
Q

Urinary system, the removal of metabolic waste products from an organism

A

excretion

41
Q

Nervous system, the ability of an organism to respond to its environment so as to maintain a balanced state (homeostasis)

A

regulation (sensitivity)

42
Q

Reproductive system, the ability of an organism to produce offspring with similar characteristics (This is essential for species as opposed to individual survival)

A

reproduction

43
Q

The basic unit of structure and function of all living things.

A

cells

44
Q

Special cells – grouped according to function, shape, size, and structure

A

tissues

45
Q

Tissues form larger functional and structural units.

A

organs

46
Q

A grouping of organs together because more than one is needed to perform a function. One example is the digestive system composed of the teeth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine.

A

organ system

47
Q

Functional activities of the cell that result in growth, repair, 
energy release, use of food, and secretions

A

metabolism

48
Q

Building up of complex materials from simpler ones such as food and oxygen

A

anabolism

49
Q

Breaking down and changing of complex substances into simpler ones, with a release of energy and carbon dioxide

A

catabolism

50
Q
  1. Ability of the body to regulate its internal 
environment within narrow limits
  2. Essential to survival
  3. Works on a negative feedback system
  4. Imbalance results in disease
A

Homeostasis

51
Q

Ana

A

apart

52
Q

-tom

A

cutting

53
Q

-y

A

process of

54
Q

ana/tom/y

A

process of cutting apart; study of body parts by dissection

55
Q

-ology

A

study of

56
Q

bio

A

life

57
Q

physio

A

nature

58
Q

physi/ology

A

study of nature or natural function of body

59
Q

ante

A

in front of

60
Q

anter/ior

A

in the front

61
Q

poster

A

behind

62
Q

poster/ior

A

in back of

63
Q

super

A

above

64
Q

super/ior

A

above a part

65
Q

infer

A

below

66
Q

infer/ior

A

below a part

67
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

68
Q

caud

A

tail

69
Q

caud/al

A

pertaining to the tail

70
Q

crani

A

skull

71
Q

crani/al

A

pertaining to the skull

72
Q

dist

A

distant

73
Q

dist/al

A

pertaining to a distant part

74
Q

dors

A

back

75
Q

dors/al

A

pertaining to the back

76
Q

later

A

side

77
Q

later/al

A

pertaining to the side

78
Q

medi

A

middle

79
Q

medi/al

A

pertaining to the middle

80
Q

proxim

A

near

81
Q

proxim/al

A

pertaining to the nearness or close

82
Q

ventr

A

belly, front side

83
Q

ventr/al

A

pertaining to the belly or front side

84
Q
  1. Measurements for length, weight, and 
volume
  2. A decimal system
  3. Based on the power of ten
  4. Uses prefixes such as centi-, milli-, and 
micro-
  5. Lengths measured in meters
  6. Weights measured in grams
  7. Volumes measured in liters
A

Metric System

Body Systems (4 decks)

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