Body fluids and Electrolytes Flashcards
What is the human body made of?
20% Extracellular Fluid
40% Intracellular Fluid
40% Solid Matter
What are the volumes of body fluids in a 70Kg male?
Intracellular fluid = 28 L Extracellular fluid = 14 L Plasma = 3 L Interstitial fluid = 10.5 L Total body water = 42 L
How are ion concentrations in extracellular fluid regulated?
By the kidney
How are intracellular ion concentrations regulated?
They’re dependent on the extracellular concentrations
Why are plasma proteins important?
They help regulate water movement
What osmolality is typically found in intracellular and extracellular fluid?
~290 mOsmoles/kg H2O
What are Crystalloids?
small molecules such as salts which dissociate
What are Colloids?
larger molecules such as proteins / polysaccharides
Osmolarity is…
osmoles/ litre of solution
Osmolality is….
osmoles / kg of solvent
Osmosis is…
the movement of water from low solute concn to high solute concn through a semi permeable membrane
What ions are typically referred to as osmotically active?
Na+
Cl-
The cell membrane is…
Nearly impermeable to Na+
The capillary wall is…
freely permeable to Na+
Hypertonic solution
causes cellular swelling
Greater than 290 mosmoles/kg H2O
