Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Animal Behaviors > Body Care and Cleanliness (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Body Care and Cleanliness (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Body care contributes to:

A

attainment of comfort & avoidance of discomfort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Grounding

A

cattle lie with their belly, brisket, neck, and throat on the ground

Horses show similar behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why do cattle use the grounding method?

A

Seal off sensitive skin areas from fly irritation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How else does cattle respond to flies?

A
  • agitating the head and ears
  • shaking folds of neck & body skin
  • tail switching, kicking, & stamping
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is deterioration of coat condition a result of?

A

Prolonged stall-housing
or
Enclosure with inadequate bedding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes frustrations in animals?

A

Inadequate grooming

– Not being able to reach every area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do frustrations lead to?

A

excessive grooming of accessible areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Comfort shifts occur periodically during ____, including ____.

A

resting phases

recumbency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the NORMAL occurrence time of comfort shifts in domestic animals?

A

Several times per hour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the absence (or reduction) of comfort shifts lead to?

A

Development of edema, necrosis, ulceration, or abscesses over pressure points

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an increase in occurrences of comfort shifts indicative of?

A

State of discomfort

associated with pain or first stage parturition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Frequent comfort shifts can be related to…

A

less specific forms of discomfort

  • –extreme pain or discomfort
  • –poor quality of accommodations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Two Types of Grooming

A

Auto-grooming

Allogrooming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Auto-grooming

A

contact between 2 parts of the body

licking, scratching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Can auto-grooming be environment-based

A

Yes

rubbing against a post, tree, stone, wall, fence, or cooperating conspecific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Allogrooming

A

Includes mutual licking, nipping with teeth, massaging, nose rubbing, & body rubbing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Most cats are ____ and spend upwards to ___ of their awake time grooming.

A

neatniks

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Kittens learn to groom by:

A

Imitation

They learn to lick themselves by 2 weeks of age
Washing themselves by the time they are weaned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Grooming in cats is helped to maintain

A
  • Healthy skin by stimulating the production of sebum
  • Spreads sebum over the coat to lubricate and waterproof fur
  • Removes loose hair and prevents matting
  • Removes dirt & parasites
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is sebum?

A

Oily secretion produced by sebaceous glands at the end of each hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Unthrifty appearance in cats can signal

A

illness

emotional or physical illness may trigger excessive grooming behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Most cats grooming rituals begin with

A
  • licking the mouth, chin, & whiskers
  • each shoulder & foreleg
  • both flanks & hind legs
  • genitals
  • tail (tip to stern)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How do cats scrub the face, head, and ears?

A

dampened forepaw

They re-lick every few swipes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do cats scratch/groom their neck and ears?

A

with rear claws

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How do cats keep their rear claws groomed? front claws?

A

nibbling for both rear and front

they also claw objects to file front claws

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What’s another reason cats groom?

A

Make them feel better emotionally

licking releases endorphins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Overgrooming behaviors are called

A

psychogenic alopecia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Dogs aren’t ____ groomers like cats.

A

consummate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Dogs are able to use what parts of their body to groom?

A

mouth

all 4 paws

30
Q

What are some reasons dogs lick and bite at their feet?

A

Clean debris, thorns, & burrs wedged between toes

Sometimes: skin allergies, joint or nail injuries, & bruises

31
Q

Why do dogs rub on inanimate objects?

A

to reach areas they cannot just by licking

head, under chin, and on ears

32
Q

Why do dogs lick/groom each other?

A

form of appeasement

role in reducing tension and conflict

33
Q

When dogs groom each other the groomer is ____ to the one being groomed (____).

A

subordinate

dominate

34
Q

How do horses groom?

A

Eyes, face, nose, & nostrils by rubbing their face up and down the side of foreleg

after strenuous exercise horses may rub its head on a person

35
Q

Do horses use their tongue to clean nostrils?

A

NO

They snort to clean their nose

36
Q

How do horses groom their hips, flanks, and limbs?

A

nibble or “snap”

37
Q

How do pigs maintain the condition of the body surface?

A

Scratching themselves, they don’t spend much time grooming

They do NOT lick or perform allogrooming

38
Q

Dirtiness in sows or pigs can be symptoms of ____, but usually is the result of _____ _____.

A

disease

inadequate environment

39
Q

Sows who are kept loose in pens with adequate ____ ____ ____, & demarcated ___ ___ are clean.

A

bedded lying area

dunging area

40
Q

How do wild rabbits groom?

A

their incisors to pull out dead hair

licking to preen

41
Q

Pet rabbits coats are:

How do they groom?

A

“fluffy” (wild rabbits have short and dense coats)

tongues to preen the entire coat

42
Q

Do wild rabbits allogroom?

A

Yes. It’s an important part of social behavior

It’s mainly during periods of rest, they lie together & groom each other around the face and head

43
Q

How do rabbits clean its ears & face?

A

licking its forepaws

44
Q

Grooming in cattle is performed in a ___ of ways & makes up ~___ of all behaviors

A

multitude

5%

45
Q

How does cattle groom?

A

Lick every part of their bodies they can reach
–both forelegs & hind part of the back

requires a significant freedom of movement

46
Q

(estimated) How much do calves groom?

A

152 occasions

scratch 28 times a day

47
Q

Cattle rinse their nostrils by:

A

using their tongue

48
Q

Cattle use ___ ____ for scratching their ears or other parts of the body

A

Hind dewclaws

49
Q

How does cattle scratch their body?

A

using solid structures for body care

50
Q

How does cattle allogroom?

A

one animal licking the neck or head region of the other

51
Q

Sick cattle often find it ____ to maintain a clear body.

A

difficult

52
Q

How do sheep perform body care?

A

rubbing their body against trees, bushes, ect…

they scratch the breast, upper part of front legs, neck, & head with hind legs

Sheep pluck the legs and sometimes flank with their mouths

53
Q

How do goats groom?

A

Oral grooming: scraping the lower incisors through the pelage in bouts of upward motions directed at a single area

Adult goats: use horns to scratch their backs

Newborn/Young goats: groom more frequently than similarly

54
Q

Do sheep and goats allogroom?

A

NO

55
Q

How do domestic fowl take care of their bodies?

A

taking care of their plumage & stretching movements

56
Q

How do chickens take care of plumage

A

dust bathing

then shaking the plumage

57
Q

How often is dust bathing performed?

And how?

A

once every 2 to 3 days

bird lying down & rubbing litter material through its feathers

58
Q

How do domestic fowl stretch?

A

wing flapping

rapid simultaneous movements of both wings above the back of the bird

59
Q

What is dusting in turkeys?

A

Sitting birds extends head & makes raking movements in towards the body with its beak

  • – a semi circle of dirt is piled against the body
  • – dust is worked into the feathers by flapping wings and kicking
60
Q

What is thermo-regulatory behavior?

A

form of body care employed when the environmental temperature, wind speed, and/or precipitation represent the animal with a challenge to its comfort

61
Q

How do dogs cool themselves when its too hot?

A

Vigorously panting

cats, ruminants, & birds also pant

62
Q

Other than panting how else do cats cool themselves?

A

anointing themselves with saliva to cool adjacent surfaces by evaporations

63
Q

When it’s too cold how do mammals increase volume of insulating air trapped in their plumage?

A

Piloerection

involuntary bristling of hair

64
Q

Describe outer and down feathers and their thermo-regulatory behaviors in fowl

A

Outer feathers: protect birds from wet weather and wind

Down feathers: are underneath and fluff up to trap air as insulation

65
Q

What is the thermoneutral zone (TNZ)?

A

relationship between animals and the thermal environment

66
Q

What is another name for TNZ?

A

Thermal-comfort zone

67
Q

Cool Zone

A

environmental temp falls below the lower limit of TNZ

68
Q

Lower Critical Temperature (LCT)

A

temp at which animals must produce heat from within the body in order to combat the cooling effects of the environment

69
Q

Cold Zone

A

Below the LCT

only way an animal can maintain homeothermy is to increase the rate of metabolic heat production

70
Q

Summit Metabolic Rate

A

highest rate an animal with ad libitum access to feed can maintain over an extended period

71
Q

Peripheral vasoconstriction

A

increases tissue insulation

earliest response to cold stress

72
Q

Piloerection and feather fluffing

A

are also initial responses to cold stress

27

Animal Behaviors (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions