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Qualifications > Boat Crew > Flashcards

Boat Crew Flashcards

0
Q

Define keel

A

is the backbone of the boat. It runs fore and aft along the center bottom of the boat.

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1
Q

Name three basic hull types

A

Displacement hull
Planing hull
Semi displacement hull

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2
Q

Name two keel types

A

Flat plate keel

Bar keel

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3
Q

Beam

A

The measurement of the widest part of the hull

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4
Q

Length

A

Distance from the foremost to the after most points on the boats hull, measured in a straight line.

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5
Q

Draft

A

Depth of the boat from the actual waterline to the bottom of the keel

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6
Q

Free board

A

Distance from the weather deck to the waterline on a vessel.

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7
Q

How is a hatch made watertight?

A

A weather deck hatch is made waterline sealing it into a raised framework called a coaming.

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8
Q

State the watertight compartments of each boat type

A

Hatches, bulkheads, deck

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9
Q

Factors that should be determined before opening watertight doors

A

You have to determine that a flooding did not occur

If flooded, determine further flooding will not occur

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10
Q

Identify and define Two types of forces that affect stability

A

Static- placement of weight inside

Dynamic- actions outside the boat (wind, waves)

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11
Q

Name and define the Two principle types of stability

A

Longitude- tends to balance the boat

Transverse- keeps the boat from rolling over

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12
Q

Equilibrium

A

When a boat is a at rest, the center of buoyancy acting upward is below the center of gravity acting downward

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13
Q

State the two primary forces that affects a boats stability

A

Gravity : pushes vessel down in water

Buoyancy : pushes the vessel up to keep it afloat

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14
Q

Buoyancy

A

Is the upward force of water displaced by the hull; tendency or capacity of a vessel to remain afloat

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15
Q

Define Rolling, Heeling, and Listing

A

Rolling: side to side motion
Heeling: temporary leaning
Listing: permanent leaning

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16
Q

Center of gravity

A

The weight of the boat acting vertically downwards

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17
Q

Changes of center of gravity

A

When weight is added the center of gravity moves toward the added weight. When weight is removed, center of gravity moves in opposite directions

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18
Q

List the general boat design features that influence stability

A 
Size and shape of hull
Draft of the boat 
Trim 
Displacement 
Freeboard 
Superstructure size, weight 
Non water tight openings
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19
Q

Amidships

A

The central or middle area of the boat

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20
Q

List prevention and medication for motion sickness

A

Stay out of confined spaces
Stay above deck in fresh air
Don’t focus on the movement of the boat
Don’t smoke

Medication: anti motion medication
Scopolamine patches

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21
Q

State the main parts of an anchor

A

Shank
Stock
Flukes
Crown

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22
Q

Bitter end

A

The running end or free end of a line

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23
Q

Forward

A

Moving towards the bow

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24
Q

Inboard

A

From either side of the boat to the center line

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25
Q

Outboard

A

From the centerline of the boat towards port or starboard sides

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26
Q

Symptoms of motion sickness

A 
Nausea/ vomiting 
Paleness 
Sweatiness 
Drowsiness 
Stomach discomfort 
Overall weakness
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27
Q

Athwart-ships

A

A line or anything else running from side to side

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28
Q

Seven team coordination skills are

A 
Leadership 
Mission analysis 
Adaptability and flexibility 
Situation awareness 
Decision making 
Communication 
Assertiveness
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29
Q

What is the purpose of team coordination

A

Can control human error, manage safety risks, and provide directions for more improvement in team performance

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30
Q

Pressure points

A

-Along the lower edge of the bony structure of the jaw
-scalp or head
-midline of the neck
-under the upper arm
-deep behind the collar bone
-front center part of crease in groin area
-forearm close to wrist on thumb side of hand
Top of foot
Two locations near elbow joint
Back of knee

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31
Q

Types of bleeding

A

Arterial- blood that comes from the arteries, bright red, and the blood gushes out in spurts in sync with the victims pulse
Venous- blood that comes from the veins, dark red, the blood comes in a steady flow
Capillaries- blood that comes from damaged capillaries, bright red, blood oozes from the wound

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32
Q

Displacement hull

A

Pushes away water allowing the hull to settle down into the water

-sailboats and commercial fishing boats

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33
Q

Crown

A

Lifts the rear of the flukes and forces the flukes into the bottom

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34
Q

Planing hull

A

Skims along the surface of the water when speed or power is applied

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35
Q

Semi displacement hull

A

Always remains in the water, it never gets on plane.

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36
Q

Compass rose

A

The compass rose has true direction, magnetic direction and variation.

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37
Q

True direction

A

Is outside of the compass rose

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38
Q

Magnetic direction

A

around the inside, an arrow points to magnetic north

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39
Q

Variation

A

The difference between true and magnetic north for the particular area covered by the chart (shows any annual change)

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40
Q

Four rules of risk management

A

Integrate risk management into mission planning and execution
Accept no unnecessary risk
Make risk decisions at appropriate level
Accept risk of benefits outweigh costs

41
Q

Identify ranges and state their purpose

A

Ranges are beacons located down the center of a channel

When both markers of range are in line, a vessels position is along a known line of position

42
Q

Scope

A

A ratio of the length of rode paid out to the depth of water

43
Q

Fore and aft

A

A line or anything else running parallel to the centerline of the boat

44
Q

Stern

A

The rear of the boat

45
Q

State equipment associated with anchoring

A 
Anchor 
Anchor line 
Chafing chain 
Thimble 
Jaw to jaw swivel 
d-shackle
46
Q

Short blast

A

A blast with one second of duration

47
Q

Prolonged blast

A

About 4-6 seconds of duration

48
Q

What are ways to prevent fatigue

A 
Adequate rest 
Rotate crew duties 
Wear clothes appropriate for weather 
Have snacks
Observe crew members for signs of fatigue
49
Q

Describe situations that may cause fatigue

A 
Boredom 
Stress 
Lack of sleep 
Operating in extreme weather 
Exposure to noise or sun 
Poor physical condition
50
Q

State the most common fuel for Class D Fire, state the primary extinguishing agent, and what is the smoke color?

A

Combustible metals such as magnesium, titanium, sodium, or potassium
Extinguishing agents are water, sand or jettison over board
Smoke color varies depending on metal being burned

51
Q

State the most common fuels for Class A fires, state the primary extinguishing agent, and what is the smoke color?

A

Wood based material, paper, certain plastic, rubber, and cloth.
Extinguishing agents are water and PKP
Smoke color is white or grey

52
Q

Weighing the anchor

A

Means pulling up the anchor

53
Q

Short stay

A

Term used when the line is straight up and down

*when the line is at short stay you notify the coxswain

54
Q

Stock

A

Prevents the anchor from rolling or rotating

55
Q

When reporting contacts, what is the order they should be reported?

A

Object (type of vessel)
Bearing (050)
Range (distance in yards)

56
Q

What is the most common fuels for Class B fires, the primary extinguishing agent, and what is the smoke color?

A

Flammable liquids suck as fuel, greases, petroleum.
Extinguishing agent is CO2, PKP, AFFF
Smoke color is black or brown

56
Q

State the most common fuels for Class C first, the primary extinguishing agent, and what is the smoke color?

A

Electrical equipment, conductors, or appliances
Extinguishing agent is CO2, PKP
*locate electrical source, turn it off. Turning the class C fire into a Class A

57
Q

What is the cause of motion sickness?

A

An imbalance of visual images, and the middle portion of the ear that sense motion.

58
Q

Describe the primary symptoms of fatigue

A 
Lack of concern for safety 
Judgement error 
Decreased performance 
Increased irritability 
Not able to focus or concentrate
59
Q

MK-79

A

Is a 7 screw in cartridge with a pencil projector.
Signal produces a red star at an altitude of 250-650ft
Burn for about 4.5 seconds
Luminous intensity of 12,000 candle power

60
Q

MK-124

A 
Day and Night end signal 
The day end produces an orange smoke 
The night end produce a red flare
The night end can also be identified because it has to raised bands 
Both sides burn for about 20 seconds
61
Q

Signal Whistle

A

Can be heard up to 1,100 yards depending on the weather

62
Q

Emergency Signal Mirror

A

Is used to attract the attention of boats, aircraft or rescue teams by reflecting light at them

63
Q

Distress Signal light

A

Has hook tape so it can be attached to helmet or PFD freeing hands
Emits 50-70 flashes per minute
Has a luminous intensity of 100,000 candle power
Under continuous use will operate for 9 hours
If used alternately will operate for 18 hours
On a clear night, has a minimum visual range of 5 miles

64
Q

Survival Knife

A

Is used to free crew members of entangling lines

65
Q

8 CREW RESPONSIBILITIES

A 
Lookout 
Helm 
Tow watch 
Anchor watch 
Line handling 
Administer first aid 
Operate damage control equipment 
Surface swimmer
66
Q

Windward

A

Towards the wind

67
Q

Leeward

A

Away from the wind

68
Q

The helm watch or helmsman is responsible for the following

A

Safely steering the boat
Maintaining a course
Carrying out all helm command given by coxswain

69
Q

Flukes

A

Digs into the bottom, burying the anchor and creating holding power

70
Q

Shank

A

Aids in setting and weighing the anchor, is the attachment point for the anchor line.

71
Q

What is the Collar made out of?

A

Polyurethane sheath

72
Q

What is the bilge pump rated for?

A

2,000 gallons per hour

73
Q

What is the window sump pump rated for?

A

800 gallons per hour

74
Q

What is pitch?

A

The distance traveled in one rotation

75
Q

What are static forces?

A

Weight on the boat
Crew shifting on the boat
Gas tank
Water in the bilge

76
Q

How do we deal with free surface effect?

A

Baffles (metal plates)

77
Q

What does CPR stand for?

A

Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation

78
Q

What is the ratio for CPR?

A

30 compression to 2 breaths

79
Q

Heat exhaustion

A

Occurs when a person exercises or works in warm humid weather and the body fluids are lost through heavy sweating

80
Q

Symptoms of heat exhaustion

A 
Person collapses 
Sweats profusely
Pale skin 
Nausea 
Acts restless
81
Q

Symptoms of a heat stroke

A

Red skin that’s hot and dry to the touch
Headache
Weak and rapid pulse
Confusion
Violence
Lack of coordination
Brain damage (if medical treatment isn’t given)

82
Q

What are symptoms of hypothermia?

A 
Pale skin that's cold to the touch 
Poor condition 
Pupils are dilated
Slurred speech 
Weak pulse 
Irregular heart beat
83
Q

What can cause shock?

A 
Trauma (bleeding, fractures) 
Allergic reactions
Hypothermia 
Drugs
Toxins 
Heart attack
84
Q

What are symptoms of shock?

A 
Restlessness 
Fainting 
Nausea
Weakness 
Anxiousness 
Dizziness
85
Q

Signs of shock include

A 
A weak rapid pulse 
Shallow or rapid breathing 
Cold, clammy skin
Dilated pupils 
State of consciousness to unconsciousness
86
Q

Anaphylactic shock

A

Is a rapid extreme allergic reaction

Reactions can occur within seconds of contact and can result in death within minutes

87
Q

What causes anaphylactic shock?

A 
Fish 
Selfish
Types of berries 
Oral drugs like penicillin
Insect stings 
Pollen 
Dust
88
Q

What are symptoms of anaphylactic shock?

A

Skin- itching, hives, redness
Swelling of lips, hands, tongue, feet, throat
Increases pulse rate
Wheezing or shortness of breath

Treatment: Epinephrine kit, administer CPR if necessary

89
Q

What causes burns?

A

Thermal, chemical, sun burn, electric shock, radiation

90
Q

What types of burns are there?

A

First, second, and third degree burns

91
Q

First degree burns

A

Is the mildest form. Only the outer layer of skin gets burned. Produces redness, tenderness and mild pain.

92
Q

Second degree burns

A

Extend through the outer layer of skin and involves the inner layer of skin. Producing blisters, severe pain and redness

93
Q

Third degree burn

A

Penetrates the full thickness of the skin, destroying the outer an inner layers of skin. Color may range from white to black. Severe pain and nerves destroyed.

94
Q

Fractures

A

A broken or cracked bone

95
Q

What are the two types of fractures?

A

Compound fracture

Simple fracture

96
Q

Compound fracture

A

The bone has broken and an open wound is present

97
Q

Simple fracture

A

No open wound is present, but the bone may be open or cracked

98
Q

How do you control bleeding?

A 
Bandage application 
Direct pressure 
Elevate the injured area if no bone injury is involved 
Pressure points 
Tourniquet as last result
99
Q

What are the contents of the boat crew survival vest?

A 
Emergency signal mirror 
Signal whistle 
Survival knife 
MK-124 
MK-79
Distress signal light 
Personal locator beacon PLB

Qualifications (9 decks)

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