BOARDS II Flashcards
frankfort horizontal line?
ANS porion to Orbitale
camper’s line?
ala of tragus line.
occlusal rim is parallel to. CAMPING and EATING
sterilization most destructive to carbide instruments?
steam heat
DRY HEAT does not corrode or dull instruments.
orange stain important to change?
CHROMA!
most unsuccessful procedure in PRIMARY TOOTH?
direct pulp cap. DON’T
resorption of bone takes place how after extraction?
down and inward
what determines energy level of photon in x ray
KVP
diagnostic for max sinus?
MRI
why not zinc chloride?
necrosis
why is aluminum chrloide used?
hemodent. Most common
J shaped radiolucency?
vertical root fracture
precontemplatory
patient says i don’t have time to stop habit
action of sodium hypochlrotire?
anti bacterial- NOT CHELATING AGENT
DB flange of the denture is determined by?
masseter
indium-
to prevent chemical bonding with porcelain
bennet shift mainly on?
lateral movement or WORKING side
narcotics contraindicated in
MAO inhibitor….mepereidine mostly
easy to extract in max 3rd impacted?
Distoangular
Mesioangulation easiest in the MD
tx for aggressive periodontitis?
systemic abx and full mouth debridement
disease with desquamative gingivitis?
pemphigus and cicatrial pemphigoid!!!
common location of lateral perio cyst?
mandibular canine and bicuspid area
type of interleukin common after perio disease?
interleukin ONE
minimum vertical heigh of bone to place implant?
8 mm
minimum width of bone implant?
6 mm
minimum distance of apex from nerve?
2 mm
implant from adjacent CEJ?
2-3 mm
between implants?
3 mm
between implant and tooth?
1.5???
mini implant?
2.4 mm
H2O2
Less than 10% is over counter. 30% is for in office bleaching
most acceptable root sensitivity theory?
hydrodynamic
mucosal graft epithelization?
by the CT from underlying tissue.
Le Fort 1 associated with?
max minus?
le fort 3?
craniofacial sepration
acute gingivstomat iis virus associated with?
chicken px and also HSV
most common site of herpes?
attached gingiva???
prostaglandins?
they decrease the gastric acid and increase gastric mucous secretion
in asthmatic what is contraindicated?
NSAIDS cause bronchospasm
long term asthma give corticosteorid
osteoradionecrosis? radiation dose?
4-5 gy of radiation therapy
steroid supplementation?
rule of 2s… adrenal suppression may occur if patient is taking 20 mg cortisone for 2weeks within 2 years of dental treatment. ***
why not tetra and penicillin?
cancel each other out. static and tidal.
antipsychotic with irreversible side effect?
tardive dyskinesia
syndrome iwht glossoptososi, retrognathia, cleft soft palate?
pierre robin syndrome
granlumoatous lesion
crohn’s disease
st johns wort
for depression. can cause tiredness and sedation.
strawberry tongue seen in?
scarlet fever
prophylactic for pacemaker?
no pre med
LA calculation?
4.4 mg/kg
one carpal of 2% has 36 mg
azrithromycin
protein synthesis
pens are by cell wall!!!! + vancomycin
AZ fratty people talk their PROTEIN!
LInco too
identify factors that may contribute to a medical condition by comparing subjects who have it vs. those who don’t
case control study
patient taking methotextrate will react with?
beta lactase
don’t give AMOX and ibuprofen
most common odontogenic ectoderm?
ameloblastoma
most common odontogenic of mesenchymal?
odotnogenic myxoma.
honey comb appearance.
most common epithelial odontogenic
ameloblastoma
more KVP?
more CONTRAST for restorative purposes
MA controls what?
NUMBER!!! ma been with some people.
mechanism of action of GABA receptors?
increasing the frequency of chloride channels by benzodiazepines
treatment of rankle?
marsupilaization
treatment of mucocele?
enucleation
action of chlorohexidien?
membrane disruption
coagulation of proteins?
dry heat
muscle that decides the posterior extension of the lingual side of dental flange?
mylohyoid!
necrotic pulp on permanent molar 6 year old?
apexification
heart rate of 4 year old?
100/100 wish
most rigid?
type IV gold
moist stable in moisture?
addition silicones
purpose of guided tissue regeneration is to prevent?
prevent migration of CT cells
resorption of bone in PD disease is by
IL 1….
abx in the gingival crevicular fluid?
doxycycline, minocycline
Medications associated with hyperplasia.
Calcium channel blockers, Dilantin sodium, Cyclosporine
fungals:
clotrimazole, swish and swallow is nystatin, amphotenricin B is IV, Fluconazole is SYSTEMIC!!! (think of flu systemic)
T test?
statistical difference 2 means
chi squared-when to reject/
reject the null if it’s left than .05k or 5 %
who regulates waste transport from the office?
EPA, OSHA is concerned with waste WITHIN the office
autoclave–
250 F for 15-20 mins, or 270 for 3 mins with 30 lbs steam
Dry heat sterilization needs HIGHER tempo or longer TIME
Ethylene oxide is 2-3 hour at 120
Glutaraldehyde takes 10 hours to kill
table of allowance
insurance company says what it will pay for each procedure and the dentist can set up balance billing where patient pay any difference in fees
capitation
dentist is paid a fixed amount
DHMO
capitation plan
DPPO
arrangement between plan and providers . accept certain payment in anticipation for more patients
DIPA
dental individual practice assoictioant. hybrid DHMO
Percent affected at any given TIME
prevalence
number of new cases in a CERTAIN (SPECIFIC) period over the total number of people susceptible
SPECIFIC incidence is the key
Over a period of time.
cross sectional?
a group of people (assumed to be cross section of total pop) are looked at and assessed at ONE TIME. Say they want to see if alcohol consumption related to cancer. They look and see who has cancer among who are and are not drinkers. TOUGH TO ESTABLISH CAUSATION. Was cancer caused by alcohol or something else.
**look at this group and try to make causation. Look at this group and say, these people drink and have cancer” etc.
case control study
people with the condition or CASES are compared to those without. look at some with cancer and some without and.
variance
standard deviation of the means
necessary for a test to be accurate?
validity
confouding
in epidemiology- you want to reduce those confounding variables.
when you want to compare 2 groups of people what do you look at?
chi squared- tells you the significance of a correlation.
best flap surgery of gingival recession?
lateral pedicle/
max depth of toothbrush and floss?
toothbrush is 1 mm, floss is 2-3
biologic width?
2 mm, 1 mm is the attached.
biologic width = sulfur ep + CT
regenerative surgery
bone graft
flap surgery
for SRP
chlorohex?
disruption f the cell membrane
listerine action?
phenols and disrupts the CELL WALL
CHRONIC periodontitis
PORPHY gingivallis.
aggrieve perio?
AA
if greater than 2 mm sinus communication?
use gel foam, suture, decongestant and ABX.
if sinus communication is greater than 6 mm?
needs a buccal flap
periodontal pathogens in health?
gram + facultative COCCI and fialments- anaerobes
when is gingivectormy contrite gingival groove, or apical taindicated??
if the sulcus is APICAL to the crest of the alveolar bone.
internal be the ridge.of vel?
tends approximarlty from designated areas tot he crest
resorption of b0one is PD disease?
IL1
purpostion of PDLe of GTR is?
prevent the long JE migration of PDL cells
tx of a complicated fracture involving pulp?
vital pulp therapy if the tooth is immature
coronal fracture?
poor prognosis. can stabilize the coronal fragment with RIGID splint for 6-12 weeks. i fompossoite, ups can extract the coronal sgmet and then pull the apical portion up with orthodontics or periodontal surgery
mid root fracture
stabilize for 3 weeks. pulp necrosis happen sin 25% of the time. if pulp necrosis happens in both segment, you can remove the apical segment and then fill the coronal.
apical fracture?
splint. best prognosis
fracture prognosis
horizontal better than vertical
non displaced better
oblique is better than transverse
apical is better
how to treat concussion?
no treatment. ocular adjustment and then follow up
subluxation
splint for 1-2 weeks if it’s mobile.
if tooth was out of mouth for less than 60
you want to keep the PDL intact, wash out the coagulum from socket with saline, reimplant, stabalize 7-10 days, abx penicillin or doxy for 7 days.
closed apex avulsion?
remove debris and necrotic PDL, remove coagulum pocket with saline, immerse tooth in 2.4% sodium fluoride with pH of 5.5 for 5 minutes, reimplant, stabilize for 7 days, administer systemic.
big difference is immersing in sodium fluoride.
IF open apex and less than 60 mins
clean root surface, place the tooth in doxycycline with saline, remove coagulum from the socket, splint, and then
IF OPEN APEX out for more than 60 mins– implantation is not usually recommended. could start apexification perhaps?
when to start endo after avulation>
if closed apex, usually want to start endo at 7-10 days,
if open, try to wait for revasularazaiton, if infected pul start the apexicatlon.
hemisection?
for mandibular molars with buccal and lingual class II or III involvements.
osteogenic
ability to induce formation of a new bone
distal wedge procedures
FOR MAXILLARY TUBEROSITY, nadibular retromolar triangle area, distal to the last tooth. think of these as wedge site.
modified WIDMAN flap
facilitates instrumentation, but it does NOT reduce the pocket depth.
Decision for a Widmna flap depend son the pocket depth, and location of the mucogingival junction. need to know how much attached gingiva you have.
Use the widman flap for exposing root surfaces for removal of pocket lining. 3 horizontal incisions is used, but not reflected past the mucogingival line. reduction happens with healing of tissue.
undisplayed unrepositioned flap?
this one will actually remove pocket wall and eliminate the pocket. MOST frequently performed.
in the initial incision, the sort tissue pocket is removed- It’s an INTERNAL BEVEL gingvectormy.
what two techqnies remove the pocket wall?
undisplayed and the gingivectomy
apically positioned flap?
this improves accessibility and eliminate pocket by apical.y positioning the soft tissue wall of the pocket so it preserves or increases the width of the attached gingiva by transforming the previously unattached keratinized pocket wall into attached tissue
internal bevel incision
- removes the pocket
- conserves the uninvolved outer surface of gingiva,
- produces sharp, thin flap margin for adaptation to the tooth junction.
soft tissue graft that is rotated or repositioned to correct an adjacent defect?
pedicle graft. base of the graft remains attached to the donor site. the graft never loses it’s blood supply. think of pedicle because it’s still attached.
indications to widen inadequate zone of attached ignigva, to repair isolated area of gingival recession.
IF donor site does’ have enough attached, or the donor site has a fenestration or dehiscence.
Pedicle grafts are not good for generalized recession cases
guided tissue regeneration?
placement of nonresorbable barriers or reservable membranes over a bony defect
IDEA is to prevent epithelial migration along the cement wall of the pocket. favors PDL and bone instead of epithelium during the healing?
laterally positioned flap variation?
double papilla flap
partial thickness flap-
epithelium and a layer of the underlying CT are reflected
4 rules for flap design
base should be wider for the blood flow.\
NO incision lines over any defect
incision that traverse a body emindense should be avoided
FLAP CORNERS should be rounded. Sharp will delay healing.
when is the AFP contraindicated?
if patient is at risk for root caries or if the exposure is anesthetic.
horizontal incission- the 3
- internal bevel
- crepuscular
- interdental.
free mucous graft vs. free gingival graft?
free mucosal- has subepthial CT graft differs because free mucosal is T without EPITHIAL covering. So this has to come from the underlying CT. more difficult than free gingival grafting. free mucous is used on canines a lot.
during healing, what happens to the epithelium of the free gingival graft?
degenerates and sloughs off. Re epitheliazaiton occurs by the proliferation of epithelial cells form the adjacent tissue and the surviving basal cells of the graft tissue.
Full thickness flaps
result in SUPERFICIAL bone necrosis in 1-3 days! results in some loss of bone
reshaping the bone without removing tooth supporting bone?
osteoplastly
OsteECTOMY is removing tooth supporting bone.
positive and negative architqucture
positive if raducualt bone is more apical, negative if the interdental bone is more apical.
