Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NPTE Studying #1 > Boards Exam Deck #4 > Flashcards

Boards Exam Deck #4 Flashcards

1
Q

Mucoid sputum

A
  • clear, thick sputum

- indicative of cystic fibrosis or conditions with a chronic cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

frothy sputum

A

-usually means there is pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

hemoptysis

A

-blood in sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

anticoagulants

A
  • coumadin & heparin
  • increase blood-clotting time
  • could result in hemoptysis during percussion & shaking
  • administered to patients with DVT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bronchodilators

A
  • Ex: epinephrine, Alupent, ventolin, proventil
  • relax smooth muscle & open airway lumen to assist in breathing
  • often used prior to exercise or athletics to reduce negative effects of disease processes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

corticosteroids

A
  • Ex: prednisone, cortisol
  • decrease inflammation associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
  • side effects such as osteoporosis, muscle wasting, & slow wound healing are problematic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

tibial motions necessary for knee flexion

A

-posterior glide & internal rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tibial motions necessary for knee extension

A

-anterior glide and external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Phalen’s test

A
  • bilateral wrist flexion against each other for 60 seconds

- N/T or pain may indicate carpal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Allen’s test

A
  • used to determine appropriate blood flow of radial and ulnar arteries into the hand
  • pressure applied over the radial and ulnar arteries & then analysis of blood filling in the hand demonstrates positive or negative test
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Finkelstein’s test

A
  • de Quervain’s tenosynovitis

- special test of the sheath that surrounds the tendons of the thumb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which ligament does the talar tilt test for?

A

-calcaneofibular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Anterior drawer test is indicated for damage to which ligament?

A

-anterior talofibular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Clinical sign/symptom difference with cataracts and glaucoma

A
  • cataracts have gradual loss of vision centrally first and then peripherally
  • glaucoma is gradual loss of vision peripherally and then centrally progressing to total blindness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

prefrontal cortex

A
  • controls emotions & judgments

- inside of the frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Broca’s area

A
  • controls motor aspects of speech

- inside frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Difference between precentral and postcentral gyrus?

A
  • precentral is the primary motor cortex for voluntary muscle activation
  • postcentral is the primary sensory cortex for integration of sensation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Parietal Lobe

A
  • contains the postcentral gyrus which is the primary sensory cortex for integration of sensation
  • receives fibers conveying touch, proprioceptive, pain & temperature sensations from opposite side of the body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

language comprehension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Temporal Lobe

A
  • primary auditory cortex: receives/processes auditory stimuli
  • associative auditory cortex: processes auditory stimuli
  • Wernicke’s area: language comprehension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Occipital Lobe

A
  • primary visual cortex: receives/processes visual stimuli

- visual association cortex: processes visual stimuli

22
Q

dorsal column/medial lemniscal system

A

-conveys sensations of proprioception, vibration & tactile discrimination

23
Q

lateral spinothalamic tract

A

-sensations of pain & temperature

24
Q

anterior spinothalamic tract

A

-crude touch

25
Q

spinocerebellar tract

A

-conveys proprioception information from muscle spindles, golgi tendon organs, & touch & pressure receptors to cerebellum for control of voluntary movements

26
Q

spinoreticular tract

A

-conveys deep & chronic pain to reticular formation of the brainstem via diffuse, polysynaptic pathways

27
Q

corticospinal tract

A
  • voluntary motor control

- 10% of fibers do not cross in the medulla

28
Q

vestibulospinal tract

A

-control of muscle tone, antigravity muscles, & postural reflexes

29
Q

rubrospinal tract

A

-assist in motor function

30
Q

reticulospinal tract

A

-terminates both on dorsal gray (modifies transmission of sensation, especially pain) & on ventral gray (influences gamma motor neurons & spinal reflexes)

31
Q

tectospinal tract

A

-assist in head-turning responses to visual stimuli

32
Q

Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke

A
  • most commonly involved
  • contralateral hemiplegia, mostly UE involvement, & loss of sensation primarily in the arm & face
  • homonymous hemianopsia is common
  • infarction in a dominant left hemisphere may produce aphasia & apraxia
  • occlusion of main stem of MCA can cause global aphasia
33
Q

somatagnosia

A

-lack of awareness of the relationship of one’s own body parts or the body parts of others

34
Q

bitemporal hemianopsia

A
  • a deficit of the temporal or peripheral visual fields, caused by an injury at the optic chiasm
  • also known as tunnel vision
35
Q

Cerebellar CVA signs and symptoms

A
  • decreased balance
  • ataxia
  • decreased coordination
  • nausea
  • decreased ability for postural adjustment
  • nystagmus
36
Q

Ottawa Knee Rules for radiography

A
  1. age 55 or older
  2. tenderness to palpation at fibular head or patella
  3. inability to flex knee past 90 degrees
  4. inability to bear weight more than 4 steps
37
Q

pituitary gland

A

MASTER hormone regulator for secretion of hormones

38
Q

hematologic condition with AIDS or HIV

A

-CD4+ count of 200 cells/mL or less

39
Q

Normal CD4+ count

A

650-1,200 cells/mL

40
Q

hemisection of spinal cord

A
  • ipsilateral motor and proprioception loss

- contralateral loss of pain & temperature

41
Q

lesion to anterior horn cells of spinal cord

A

LMN problems & hyporeflexia

42
Q

basal cell carcinomas

A

-usually occur on hair-bearing areas exposed to the sun, such as the face, neck, head, ears, or hands. They grow slowly to 1-2 cm after years of growth

43
Q

squamous cell carcinomas

A

typically appears on the ear, face, lips, mouth, and dorsa of the hands. They are small, red, hard nodules.

44
Q

malignant melanoma

A

can appear anywhere in the body. It is usually asymmetric, has irregular borders, its colors can be black, brown, red, or white. It is larger than a pencil eraser, and it evolves in shape.

45
Q

Typical presentation of clubfoot

A

Talipes equinovarus, or clubfoot, involves plantar flexion, forefoot adduction, and calcaneal varus.

46
Q

CS Traction position for UCS, mid-CS and lower CS

A
  • UCS = 0-5 deg flexion
  • mid-CS = 10-20 deg flexion
  • lower CS = 25-35 deg flexion
47
Q

Cranial nerves associated with gag reflex

A

IX - glossopharyngeal

X - vagus

48
Q

How to differentiate between glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves with cranial nerve testing

A
  • ability to say “ahh” which tests vagus nerve

- both CNs are associated with gag reflex & ability to swallow

49
Q

catching or slipping sensation of the biceps muscle is indicative of what?

A

-could indicate a tear of the transverse humeral ligament

50
Q

Bankart lesion

A
  • avulsion of the labral ligamentous complex from the anteroinferior aspect of the glenoid
  • most common lesion resulting in anterior joint instability
  • CT scan can diagnose the tear & surgical intervention is normally successful for repair

NPTE Studying #1 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions