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Neonatology Boards > Boards Buzzworthy > Flashcards

Boards Buzzworthy Flashcards

1
Q

salt and pepper retina

A

rubella

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2
Q

blue diaper syndrome

A

abnormal intestinal tryptophan transport –> blue urine

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3
Q

alaskan eskimos

A

Hep B

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4
Q

Blueberry muffin

A

CMV

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5
Q

Slapped cheeks

A

Parvo B19

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6
Q

Celery stalking long bone

A

Rubella

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7
Q

popcorn-snowflake intracranial calcifications

A

toxo

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8
Q

plucked chicken skin

A

ketosis pilaris

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9
Q

greek helmet facies

A

Wolf Hirschhorn

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10
Q

mitten hands/feet

A

Aperts

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11
Q

Cloverleaf skull

A

Thanatophoric dysplasia
Pfeiffer

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12
Q

Pilli torti

A

Menke’s disease

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13
Q

Testes at “12”

A

5 alpha reductase deficiency

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14
Q

seal bark cry, tracheomalacia

A

look for esophageal atresia

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15
Q

stippled epiphyses

A

coumadin

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16
Q

hockey stick palmar crease

A

fetal EtOH

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17
Q

patellar stippling
Popliteal area calcifications (chondrodysplasia punctate)

A

Zellweger’s

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18
Q

snuffles, saber shins, Hutchinson’s teeth

A

Syphilis

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19
Q

single bubble

A

pyloric atresia

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20
Q

double bubble

A

duodenal atresia

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21
Q

triple bubble

A

jejunal or ilial atresia

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22
Q

filling defects on barium enema

A

meconium plug

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23
Q

Northern European mother
Infant with: anemia-sphero/elliptocytosis

A

pyruvate kinase deficiency

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24
Q

Navajo Indian

A

Congenital Met Hgb

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25
Q

chocolate blood

A

met Hgb

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26
Q

chocolate colored amniotic fluid

A

listeria

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27
Q

Finnish or Amish, neutropenia

A

Cartilage-hair-hypoplasia

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28
Q

Depakote

A

Neural tube defects
limb defects

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29
Q

Dig toxicity

A

feeding intolerance
any arrhythmia

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30
Q

BOGGY placenta

A

syphilis
congenital nephrotic syndrome

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31
Q

Scimitar

A

PAPVR with R PV draining into IVC

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32
Q

3/E sign

A

coarctation

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33
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies

A

no spleen
Need encapsulated immunizations

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34
Q

Heinz bodies

A

denatured Hgb–> enzyme defect

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35
Q

banana/lemon sign on prenatal US

A

meningomyelocele

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36
Q

mouse urine odor

A

PKU

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37
Q

sweaty feet

A

isovaleric acidemia
glutaric aciduria type 2

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38
Q

urine succinylacetone elevated

A

tyrosinemia

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39
Q

male cat urine smell

A

Beta-methylcrotonyl glycinuria

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40
Q

Meckel-Gruber

A

Encephalocele

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41
Q

Dive bomber EMG

A

congenital myotonic dystrophy

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42
Q

Corkscrew upper GI

A

malrotation

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43
Q

Elfin facies

A

WILLIAMS

supravalvular aortic stenosis

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44
Q

expressionless facies

A

Mobius

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45
Q

cataracts and hepatomegaly

A

galatosemia

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46
Q

retrograde aortic flow on echo

A

HLHS

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47
Q

snowman

A

TAPVR

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48
Q

Boot

A

TOF

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49
Q

Egg

A

TGA

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50
Q

Swollen feet

A

Turner’s

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51
Q

Maternal fatty liver

A

baby with LCHAD

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52
Q

fetal bradycardia

A

maternal lupus

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53
Q

baby or fetus with hiccups

A

non-ketotic hyperglycinemia

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54
Q

Baby bleeding with normal coags

A

Factor 13 deficiency

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55
Q

low TREC on newborn screen

A

DiGeorge or SCID

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56
Q

LCPUFA affects?

A

retina
brain

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57
Q

OTC

A

high orotic acid

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58
Q

Intracellular dipplococci

A

Neisseria

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59
Q

Perinuclear vacuolization
Owl’s eye inclusion bodies

A

CMV

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60
Q

Christmas tree cataract

A

Myotonic dystrophy

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61
Q

Congenital cataract

A

Rubella

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62
Q

Pyloric stenosis

A

Junctional EB

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63
Q

Eosinophil on smear

A

E. Tox

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64
Q

Tzank smear with multinucleated giant cells

A

HSV

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65
Q

placenta with microabscesses, nodules

A

Listeria

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66
Q

MSUD

A

thiamine = vit B1

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67
Q

homocystinuria

A

pyridoxine = vit B6

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68
Q

tyrosinemia

A

vit c

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69
Q

MMA
methylmalonic acidemia

A

B12 = cobalamin

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70
Q

glutaric aciduria T2

A

riboflavin = vit B2

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71
Q

carboxylase synthase deficiency

A

biotin

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72
Q

component of BM affected by freezing

A

fat

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73
Q

GA increases lung compliance

A

increased surfactant
increased airway septation

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74
Q

2.5 to 3.0 ETT

A

decrease time constant
resistance x compliance

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75
Q

iNO use

A

decreased ECMO

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76
Q

placental glucose transport

A

facilitated diffusion

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77
Q

AA transport

A

ACTIVE transport

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78
Q

inflammatory fetal response

A

funisitis

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79
Q

antiphospholipid syndrome

A

microcephaly

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80
Q

rubella heart disease

A

PDA, PPS

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81
Q

tension pneumo

A

decreased BP
increased HR

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82
Q

neonate feeding difficulties and wheezing

A

double aortic arch

MCC vascular ring

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83
Q

gag reflex

A

CN 9 & 10

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84
Q

arthrogryposis

A

SMA
congenital myotonic dystrophy

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85
Q

prader willi test

A

DNA methylation

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86
Q

small foramen magnum

A

achondroplasia

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87
Q

translation template

A

mRNA

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88
Q

major malformation incidence

A

2-3/100

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89
Q

untreated PKU

A

microcephaly

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90
Q

gram + rods

A

listeria

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91
Q

desquamation of hands and soles

A

syphilis

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92
Q

HIV/SCID (T Cell defect) susceptible to?

A

mycobacterium TB

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93
Q

SSSS med contraindicated

A

steriods

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94
Q

congenital candidiasis treatment

A

amphotericin

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95
Q

newborn with ESBL Klebsiella
why?

A

excessive cephalosporin use

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96
Q

Ig not involved in immune protection

A

IgD

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97
Q

Tall peaked T waves

A

Hyperkalemia

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98
Q

TPN/IL with rising triglycerides
why?

A

lack of lecithin acyl

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99
Q

essential amino acids

A

PVT TIM HALL

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100
Q

fat content foremilk vs hind milk

A

higher in hind

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101
Q

protein content premature vs term BM

A

higher in preterm

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102
Q

short gut, starting enteral feeds

A

add fat soluble vitamins

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103
Q

renal flank mass, thrombocytopenia, hematuria

A

renal vein thrombosis

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104
Q

pituitary adenoma

A

SIADH

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105
Q

metabolism of caffeine

A

liver cytochrome

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106
Q

heparin overdose tx

A

protamine sulfate

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107
Q

vitamin A overdose

A

test LFTs

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108
Q

CP after HIE

A

spastic quadriplegia

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109
Q

parasaggital cerebral injury

A

shoulder girdle injury

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110
Q

Low T4 and normal TSH

A

Low TBG
sick euthyroid

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111
Q

seizure with tumor

A

teratoma
astrocytoma?

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112
Q

hemangioma and thrombocytopenia

A

Kassabach-Merritt

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113
Q

PDA ligation complication

A

vocal cord paralysis

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114
Q

decrease the rate of IVH

A

prenatal steroids

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115
Q

NAIT plt count and MCV

A

LOW plt
HIGH MCV

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116
Q

Fanconi electrolytes

A

Low phos, Na Ca K, protein

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117
Q

Hyperbili developmental abnormality

A

choreoathetoid movements

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118
Q

hypogonad, hypopit eye exam

A

SOD- optic atrophy

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119
Q

maternal history of venous thrombosis and infant with necrotic skin lesion

A

purpura fulminans
protein C deficiency

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120
Q

TEF with scaphoid abdomen

A

Types I and II

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121
Q

anti-hypertension med causing oliguria

A

captopril

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122
Q

No corneal reflex
cranial nerve?

A

CN V

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123
Q

Hyperbili affected brain areas

A

basal ganglia, globus pallidus

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124
Q

HOCM CHF tx

A

beta blocker

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125
Q

Alagille

A

AD
PPS
xanthoma
paucity of intrahepatic bile duct

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126
Q

FGFR2- craniosynostosis

A

Apert (syndactyly) and Crouzon

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127
Q

fetal SVT tx

A

digoxin

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128
Q

neonatal SVT tx

A

adenosine
synchronized cardioversion

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129
Q

EEG pattern with worst prognosis

A

burst suppression

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130
Q

jxnal epidermolysis bullosa and vomiting

A

pyloric stenosis

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131
Q

LGA baby with CHD

A

TGA

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132
Q

PGE side effects

A

fever
apnea
bradycardia
hypotension
cortical hyperostosis

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133
Q

Noonan CHD

A

pulmonic stenosis
cardiomyopathy

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134
Q

William’s CHD

A

supravalvular AS

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135
Q

CHD post op HTN tx

A

nitroprusside

can cause cyanoide poisoning

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136
Q

Low BW hormone

A

decreased IGF

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137
Q

Hyperinsulinism treatment

A

diazoxide

risk of pulmonary HTN

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138
Q

TTTS, placentation

A

Mono-di

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139
Q

IUGR cause in developed countries

A

HTN

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140
Q

PPHN maternal drugs

A

SSRI, aspirin, indomethacin

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141
Q

breastfeeding contraindications

A

lithium
chemo
HTCLV
breast HSV
street drugs
HIV (although in real life, not so much anymore)

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142
Q

translated protein to properly functioning

A

folding

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4
5
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143
Q

Zellweger’s
increase VLCFA, peroxisome abnormality

A

high forehead
wide AF
seizures, hypotonia
PCKD
stippled epiphysis
hearing loss
cataracts
glaucoma

AR

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144
Q

linnear inflammatory vesicles
seizures
spastic paralysis

A

incontinenti pigmenti

XD

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145
Q

syndactyly
cryptorchidism
microcephaly

A

smith-lemli-opitz

low cholesterol levels
elevated 7 dehydrocholesterol

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146
Q

white forelock

A

waardenburg
deafness

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147
Q

cornelia de lange
mode of inheritance

A

AD

148
Q

protein folding defect

A

CF

149
Q

imperforate anus with meconium from urethra

A

supralevator

150
Q

location of fatal brain tumors

A

infratentorial

151
Q

side effect of exchange transfusion

A

decrease platelet, Ca, Na

increase K

152
Q

vit K deficiency coags

A

increase PT

153
Q

eczema, recurrent infections

A

wiskott aldrich
XR
thrombocytopenia

154
Q

lactoferrin MOA

A

decreased availability of free Fe

155
Q

albinism
nystagmus

A

chediak-higashi
AR
abnormal neutrophil degranulation
LYST mutation

156
Q

anemia
high retic
microspherocytes
increased MCV

A

vitamin E deficiency

157
Q

bilirubin form that reabsorbs in large bowel

A

unconjugated bilirubin

158
Q

thrombopoeitin:
decreased production vs destruction

A

High
vs
Low

159
Q

chlamydia treatment

A

azithromycin

160
Q

elevated ammonia
elevated glycine

A

non-ketotic hyperglycinemia

HICCUPS
EEG burst suppression

161
Q

brachycephaly

A

Carpenter Syndrome
polydactyly
CHD

162
Q

flaccid paralysis after difficult delivery

A

spinal cord injury
MRI

163
Q

HIE changes

A

increased extracellular glutamate/lactate
decreased ATP

164
Q

Diving reflex

A

brain
heart
adrenals

165
Q

APGAR 0-3 at 5, 10, 20

A

1%
9%
57%

166
Q

myotonic dystrophy inheritance

A

AD
expanded CTG repeats

167
Q

lack of blinking
CN damage

A

CN VII
CN V- afferent

168
Q

lateral eye deviation
seizures
unequal pupils

A

hemorrhage over convexities

169
Q

HIE brain injury

A

selective neuronal necrosis

170
Q

forceps with seizures

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

171
Q

Doll’s Eye

A

CN III, VI

172
Q

frog leg position
tongue fasciculation

A

SMA 1, AR

173
Q

cerebellar vermis hypoplasia
cystic dilation of 4th ventricle

A

Dandy Walker
associated with hydrocephalus

174
Q

selective neuronal necrosis
What cells are damaged

A

oligodendrocytes

175
Q

TPN changes with renal insufficiency

A

DECREASE:
selenium
chromium

176
Q

TPN changes with cholestasis

A

DECREASE:
manganese
copper

INCREASE:
zinc

177
Q

essential fatty acids

A

linoleic
linolenic

178
Q

preseve immune component of BM

A

freezing

179
Q

optimal calcium requirement

A

150-200 mg/kg/day

180
Q

optimal phos requirement

A

75-110 mg/kg/day

181
Q

gluconeogenic AA

A

alanine
glutamine
aspartate

182
Q

common cause of ascites

A

PUV
urinary tract blockage, hydronephrosis, thick walled bladder, oligohydramnios

183
Q

stridor
weak cry
feeding problems

A

unilateral vocal cord paralysis

184
Q

upper airway patency CN

A

CN IX
glossopharyngeal

185
Q

iNO side effect

A

metHgb

186
Q

narcan to babies of drug addicted mother

A

seizures

187
Q

urgent eye exam

A

increased size of one pupil

188
Q

milk protein allergy at 3 weeks

A

B-lactoglobulin

189
Q

AA in breastmilk but not TPN

A

glutamate
aspartate

190
Q

FA in TPN

A

linoleic acid

191
Q

HSM
hypochromic anemia
osteopenia

A

copper deficiency

192
Q

FA defect assoc with HELLP

A

LCHAD

193
Q

candidal infection first symptom

A

thrombocytopenia

194
Q

RNA polymerase recognizes _ to synthesize RNA

A

promoter

195
Q

TSH increased at 12 hours of life

A

physiologic surge due to cold exposure

196
Q

polydactyly
PCKD
encephalocele

A

Meckel-Gruber

197
Q

fused eyelids
syndactyly
urogenital problems

A

Fraser

198
Q

cutis aplasia

A

T13

199
Q

CF testing

A

blot paper for increased IRT

200
Q

Marfan

A

fibrillin defect

201
Q

systemic/pulm HTN with LVH and systemic to pulmonary collateral

A

repaired coarct

202
Q

chronic diuretic

A

metabolic alkalosis

203
Q

Asian male with jaundice

A

deficiency glucoronyl transferase

204
Q

Kernicterus eye

A

UPWARD gaze

205
Q

protein accretion at 30 wks

A

3g/kg/day

206
Q

n-3 FA essential

A

eye development

207
Q

GIR 27 weeker

A

6-8

208
Q

undescended testes
decreased DHT

A

5-alpha reductase

209
Q

apoptotic damage with HIE

A

caspase

210
Q

traumatic birth
distended scalp veins
eyelid edema

A

sagittal thrombosis

211
Q

severe effects of CMV likelihood

A

10%

212
Q

Down’s with skin nodules

A

leukemia
elevated WBC

213
Q

PDA BP

A

widened pulse pressure

214
Q

Turner’s CHD

A

bicuspid AV
coarctation

215
Q

triploidy paternal

A

69 XXY
microcephaly

216
Q

maternal progesterone

A

fetal virilization

217
Q

ROM- blood
fetal tachycardia

A

vasa previa

218
Q

decreased vit K clotting factors

A

warfarin
phenytoin

219
Q

increase distribution across placenta

A

increase lipid content

220
Q

enzyme deficiency in criglar-najjar

A

glucoronyl transferase

221
Q

distal ileum/cecum absorption

A

bile acids

222
Q

minor malformation %

A

12%

223
Q

cat eye

A

extra part of chr 22
TAPVR
downward slant palpebral fissures
anal atresia
renal agensis

224
Q

Turner’s

A

increased scoliosis

225
Q

CF loss of what amino acid

A

phenylalanine on 507 ch 7

226
Q

Mobius

A

b/l facial paresis 2/2 absence of nuclei 6 & 7
expressionless face
limb reduction
Poland sequence

227
Q

Coloboma
micrognathia
scalp hair on cheek

A

Treacher Collins

228
Q

microcephaly, abnormal cry

A

Cri du chat
chromosome 5 microdeletion of PATERNAL DNA

229
Q

Toxo transmission

A

Early GA = lower transmission but more severe

230
Q

CMV transmission

A

Early GA = higher transmission AND more severe

231
Q

Tx gonococcal eye infection

A

1x ceftriaxone

232
Q

sepsis
hyperbili
3 week old

A

galactosemia
E.coli sepsis

233
Q

maternal varicella < 5d before delivery or < 2d after

A

isolate infant
give VZIG until maternal lesions crust over

234
Q

vWF inheritance

A

AD
normal plt and PT
abnormal BT

235
Q

pyruvate kinase D inheritance

A

AR

236
Q

spherocytosis inheritance

A

AD

237
Q

45 XO
47 XXY

A

increased risk of gonadoblastoma
(For turners if mosaic 46XY)

238
Q

EPO production

A

liver > kidney at birth

239
Q

elevated testosterone in XXX

A

aromatase deficiency

240
Q

chylothoraxx fluid findings

A

high triglycerides
lymphocyte predominance
high protein

241
Q

single umbilical arter

A

common in twins
1% in regular pregnancy
urogenital or cardiac

242
Q

TGA
macrocephaly
triangular face
small arms
hypertelorism

A

vitamin A

243
Q

non-immune hydrops fetalis

A

Cardiac 25%

244
Q

L superior axis deviation

A

AV canal
tricuspid atresia
ASD

245
Q

FA mature human milk

A

oleic acid

246
Q

FT HC and length

A

HC = 35 cm
Length = 50cm

247
Q

perinatal asphyxia activates

A

glycogenolysis

248
Q

Chronic granulomatous disease test

A

NBT test
absent NADPH oxidase fxn in phagocytic cells

249
Q

Sickle cell genetic defect

A

single nucleotide substitution

250
Q

effect of PGE on kidney

A

increased renal blood flow
increase UOP

251
Q

22q11 CHD

A

TOF

252
Q

protein found in formula but not breastmilk

A

B lactoglobulin

253
Q

cystic PVL

A

spastic diplegia

254
Q

Neowrap

A

prevents evaporation losses

255
Q

HCTZ

A

prevent calcium from being excreted and cause stones and elevated serum calcium

256
Q

pupillary light reflexx

A

30-32 weeks

257
Q

retinal development

A

26 weeks

258
Q

absent anal wink

A

spinal cord lesion

259
Q

parvovirus

A

affects erythrocyte progenitor cells = ANEMIA

260
Q

parvo prevention

A

hand washing

261
Q

myasthenia gravis treatment

A

anticholinesterase

262
Q

PVL affects what cells

A

Pre- oligodendrocytes

263
Q

Holt Oram

A

AD
ASD
abnormalities of bones of forearm
ABSENT thumbs

264
Q

Congenital central hypoventilation

A

Hirschprungs

265
Q

Neutropenia in Kostmann syndrome

A

treat with GCSF

266
Q

cornelia de lange

A

AD
microcephaly
low set eats
clef
hypertrichosis

single nucleotide mutation in COHESION pathway

higher GER and malrotation incidence

267
Q

inadequate intake with weight loss

A

hypernatremia

268
Q

enzyme deficiency in breastmilk jaundice

A

beta glucuronidase

269
Q

ECMO

A

hearing loss

270
Q

warfarin

A

protein C deficiency

271
Q

PTU - Graves disease

A

hydrops fetalis

272
Q

HBF

A

resistant to alkali

273
Q

purpura fulminans

A

protein C/S deficiency

274
Q

athetoid CP

A

mixed tone
hearing and speech abnormalities
gross and fine motor affected

275
Q

spastic diplegia

A

LE>UE

276
Q

earliest finding in congenital glaucoma

A

enlarged cornea

277
Q

crossed adductor disappears

A

8 months

278
Q

most common cystic renal disease in newborn

A

MCDK

279
Q

PDH complex inheritance

A

mitochondrial

280
Q

SMA inheritance

A

AR
nonsense mutation in SMN1 on 5q13.2

281
Q

neuroblastoma and liver mets

A

better prognosis than those without mets

282
Q

syndromes with glaucoma

A

SW syndrome
NF
RB
homocystinuria
T21
rubella
stickler
corticosteroid exposure

283
Q

completed optic myelination

A

24 months

284
Q

hearing loss syndromes

A

alport
PR sequence
Waardenburg
TC
CHARGE
KF sequence
T8
T21
Stickler syndrome

285
Q

prolonge dopamine use

A

reduced inotropic effect due to NE depletion
BLUNTS TSH

286
Q

Epinephrine side effects
B2 effects

A

hyperglycemia
lactic acidosis
tachycardia

287
Q

ductus arteriosus embryo

A

LEFT 6th aortic arch

288
Q

persistent right umbilical vein

A

CHD

289
Q

methadone

A

QTC prolongation

290
Q

NBS thyroid

A

tests for elevated TSH
abnormal = > 40

291
Q

TB treatment and breastfeeding

A

breastfeed after 2 weeks of treatment

292
Q

RS/MAPK pathway

A

Noonan
NF

293
Q

GNAS 1

A

McCune Albright

294
Q

TMD associated T21

A

megakaryocytes
Tx with cytarabine

295
Q

HFNC improves alveolar vent

A

dead space washout
reduced inspiration resistance

296
Q

neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin

A

AKI early marker

297
Q

subclinical hypothyroid

A

Tx at 4-6 weeks if persistent

298
Q

Increased neurodevelopmental outcomes
PDA tx

A

PDA ligation

299
Q

sinusoidal FHR tracing

A

fetal anemia

300
Q

metabolic bone disease
preterm infants

A

vitamin D 200-2400 IU
minimized aluminum as it disturbs normal bone formation

301
Q

Crigler Najjar I

A

nonsense mutation

302
Q

Crigler Najjar II

A

base substitutions coding regions

303
Q

Gilbert

A

missense mutation
7 or more TA repeats

304
Q

cold stress

A

NE release
vascoconstriction

305
Q

Tuberous sclerosis
Cardiac rhabdomyoma

A

WPW
no embolic events
get better over time
do not enlarge spontaneously

306
Q

CHD cat eye

A

TAPVR

307
Q

CHD 22q11.2

A

interrupted aortic arch

308
Q

CHD Holt Oram

A

ASD

309
Q

CHD T13

A

VSD

310
Q

CHD Ellis-van Creveld

A

common atrium

311
Q

leukoreduced

A

decreases:
viral transmission
febrile nonhemolytic reactions
HLA alloimmunization

312
Q

irradiation

A

reduces transfusion associated graft vs host

313
Q

directed blood donation

A

transfusion assoc graft vs host

314
Q

phentolamine

A

vasopressor extravasation

315
Q

false positive galactosemia

A

G6PD deficiency

316
Q

bloody emesis, epigastric distension and pain

A

gastric volvulus

317
Q

Amphotericin B SE

A

hypokalemia
hypomagnesemia
hyponatremia
nephron and hepatotoxic

318
Q

phenobarbital teratogen

A

cardiac
cognitive
orofacial
urogenital

319
Q

carbamazepine teratogen

A

IUGR
developmental delay
microcephaly
cardiovascular
craniofacial
hypospadias

320
Q

phenytoin teratogen

A

microcephaly, IUGR, short webbed neck, epicanthal folds, hypertelorism, oral clefts, malformed ears, hypoplastic phalynx, developmental delay, cardiac, GU, finger like thumbs

321
Q

valproate

A

neural tube defects
cardia
GU- hypospadius
IUGR
ASD
cognitive impairment
skeletal anomalies

HIGHEST TERATOGEN POTENTIAL

322
Q

small opacity lateral and inferior to pupil

A

Peter’s Anomaly
complete corneal opacity
form of anterior segment dysgensis
abnormal cleavage of the anterior chamber
sclerocornea is usually b/l

323
Q

renal function post-op

A

dependent on pre-op Cr

Low Cr associated with higher rates AKI

324
Q

candida invasion

A

associated with GI perf

325
Q

AT, protein C/S

A

reduced at birth

326
Q

prolonged QT associated with…

A

V tach

327
Q

Holt Oram gene

A

TBX5-12q24
AD

328
Q

Noonan gene

A

PTPN11

329
Q

neonatal portal venous thrombosis

A

liver lobe atrophy > portal HTN

330
Q

imprinting disease risk

A

increases with fertility treatments

331
Q

calcium absorption

A

duodenum

332
Q

phosphorus absorption

A

jejunum

333
Q

salt poisoning

A

hypernatremia
FENa > 2%
normal renal fxn

334
Q

Diandric triploidy

A

IUGR

335
Q

Dygynic triploidy

A

macrocephaly

336
Q

looping

A

sinut inversus

337
Q

convergence

A

truncus arteriosus
double outlet RV

338
Q

wedging

A

TOF
outflow tract anomalies

339
Q

delamination abnormalities

A

valvular problems like Ebstein

340
Q

premature death causes

A

increase in incidence of NEC
decrease in pulmonary related deaths

341
Q

soy based lipid

A

low DHA and AA

342
Q

fish oil based lipid

A

adequate DHA

343
Q

Abdominal surgical disorders

A

systemic yeast in ELBW

344
Q

MRI after HIE

A

diffusion weighted 2-5 d

345
Q

hyperinsulinism with low glucose

A

low beta hydroxy
low FFA
high cortisol
high growth hormone

346
Q

cost effectiveness

A

NNT

347
Q

cost benefit

A

cash money

348
Q

cost utility

A

QALY

349
Q

premature EPO

A

The tissue oxygenation set point triggering production of hepatic-derived erythropoietin is lower than that for renal-derived erythropoietin, which causes a lower responsiveness to tissue hypoxia.

Fetal erythroid progenitors are relatively more sensitive to erythropoietin than adult progenitors. A lower plasma concentration of erythropoietin is able to stimulate sufficient erythropoiesis.

Erythropoietin clearance is 2 to 4 times faster in preterm infants compared with adults, contributing to relatively lower plasma erythropoietin concentrations

350
Q

Walker Warburg Syndrome

A

AR

congenital muscular dystrophy
lissencephaly
hydrocephaly
retinal detachment
cataracts
microphthalmia
encephalocele
MR
seizures

351
Q

Neuroblastoma

A

May regress on own
serial US monitoring

352
Q

congenital cataracts and severe hypotonia in a male neonate with a family history of severe renal disease

A

oculocerebrorenal syndrome
Lowe syndrome

x linked cryptorchid

353
Q

fever
hepatosplenomegaly
cytopenia

A

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

profoundly elevated serum ferritin
low NK cells

354
Q

fungemia risks

A

SIP > lines or prolonged abx

355
Q

POMT2

A

Walker Warburg (lissencephaly, myotonic dystrophy)

356
Q

L1cam

A

x-linked hydrocephalus

357
Q

neonate with PVL

A

oligodendrocytes affected

358
Q

CP from PVL

A

spastic diplegia

359
Q

alagille

A

eye findings: posterior embryotoxin
heart: PPS
JAG-1 mutation

360
Q

LCPUFA

A

affect retina and brain

361
Q

bactericidal in breastmilk

A

secretory IgA
lactoferrin

362
Q

colostrum ratio

A

whey:casein
80:20

363
Q

mature milk ratio

A

whey:casein
55:45

364
Q

Preterm formula ratio

A

whey:casein
80:20

365
Q

formula higher in what compared to human milk

A

Na, Ca, K, Cl, Mg, Ph, amino acids

366
Q

HIE = decreased ?

A

phosphocreatinine

367
Q

baby or fetus with hiccups

A

non-ketotic hyperglycinemia

Neonatology Boards (19 decks)

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