Blunt Trauma

Question 1

Inertia

Answer 1

Tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion unless acted on by an external force

Question 2

Energy

Answer 2

The capacity to do work in the strict physical sense

Question 3

Acceleration

Answer 3

The rate at which speed or velocity increase

Question 4

Deceleration

Answer 4

The rate at which speed or velocity decreases

Question 5

Kinetics

Answer 5

The branch of physics that deals with motion, taking into consideration mass, velocity, and force

Question 6

Kinetic energy

Answer 6

The energy of an object in motion

Question 7

Mass

Answer 7

A measure of the matter that an object contains; the property of a physical body that gives the body inertia

Question 8

Velocity

Answer 8

The rate of motion in a particular direction in relation to time.

Question 9

Forces of blunt trauma

Answer 9

Compression
Stretch
Shear

Question 10

Events of vehicle collision

Answer 10

Vehicle collision
Body Collision
Organ collision
Secondary collisions
Additional impacts

Question 11

Types of vehicle impact

Answer 11

Oblique
Frontal
Lateral
Rear-end
Rollover

Question 12

Mechanisms associated with frontal impacts

Answer 12

Restrained pathway
Up and over pathway
Down and under pathway
Ejection

Question 13

Crumple zone

Answer 13

The region of a vehicle designed to absorb the energy of impact

Question 14

Oblique

Answer 14

Having a slanted position or direction

Question 15

Exsanguination

Answer 15

Blood loss sufficient to cause death

Question 16

Oxidizer

Answer 16

An agent that enhances combustion of a fuel

Question 17

Mechanisms associated with blasts

Answer 17

Pressure wave
Blast wind
Projectiles
Personnel displacement
Confined space explosions and structural collapses
Burns

Question 18

Pressure wave

Answer 18

Area of over pressure that radiates outward from an explosion

Question 19

Over pressure

Answer 19

A rapid increase, then decrease, in atmospheric pressure created by an explosion

Question 20

Blast wind

Answer 20

The air movement caused by the heated and pressurized products of en explosion move outward

Question 21

Ordnance

Answer 21

Military weapons and munitions

Question 22

Flechettes

Answer 22

Arrow-shaped projectiles found in some military ordnance

Question 23

Blast injury types

Answer 23

Primary - caused by heat of explosion and over pressure wave
Secondary - caused by blast projectiles
Tertiary - caused by personnel displacement and structural collapse

Question 24

Incendiary

Answer 24

An agent that combusts easily or creates combustion

Question 25

Emboli

Answer 25

Undissolved solid, liquid, or gaseous matter in the bloodstream that may cause blockage of blood vessels

Question 26

Dyspnea

Answer 26

Labored or difficult breathing

Question 27

Hemoptysis

Answer 27

Coughing of blood that originates in the respiratory tract

Question 28

Pneumothorax

Answer 28

A collection of air in the pleural space

Question 29

Tension pneumothorax

Answer 29

Pressure builds because there is no way for the air to escape, causing lung collapse.

Question 30

The most common cause of trauma death and disability is

Answer 30

Blunt trauma

Question 31

Biomechanics of trauma

Answer 31

Energy exchange that damages human tissue

Question 32

Axial loading

Answer 32

Application of the forces of trauma along the axis of the spine; this often results in compression fractures of the spine

Question 33

Incendiary

Answer 33

An agent that combusts easily or creates combustion

Question 34

The two basic principles of kinetics are the

Answer 34

Laws of inertia | Energy conservation

Question 35

Newtons first law of motion

Answer 35

A body in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an outside force. A body at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an outside force

Question 36

The law of energy conservation

Answer 36

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It can be only changed from one form to another

Question 37

Newton's second law

Answer 37

Force = Mass (weight) x Acceleration (or Deceleration) \ 2

Question 38

Traumas divided into two basic categories

Answer 38

Blunt trauma and penetrating trauma

Question 39

Blunt trauma

Answer 39

Kinetic energy forces, but not the object, enter the body and damage tissue

Question 40

Compression injury

Answer 40

Blunt impact abruptly halts a portion of the body while inertia causes the remaining anatomy to continue its motion

Question 41

Stretch injury

Answer 41

The opposite of compression | -Protein fibers that hold tissues together are pulled or injured or torn.

Question 42

Shear injury

Answer 42

Occurs along edges of the impacting force or at organ attachments. As the impacting force slows a part of the body, tissue along the impact border continues its motion

Question 43

The most common type of impact

Answer 43

Frontal

Question 44

A large portion of vehicular deaths are attributed to the

Answer 44

Up and over pathway

Question 45

Paper bag syndrome

Answer 45

Compression of the chest against the steering column

Question 46

The oblique impact contains four subcategories

Answer 46

Left front Right front Left rear Right rear

Question 47

The four major motorcycle impacts are

Answer 47

Frontal Angular Sliding Ejection

Question 48

Ejection with motorcyclist may result in

Answer 48

Initial bike/object collision Rider/object impact Rider/ground impact

Question 49

Laws of physics

Answer 49

Inertia Force Energy conservation

Question 50

Penetrating trauma

Answer 50

Object physically enter body; directly or indirectly injures tissues

Question 51

In pedestrian collisions adults

Answer 51

Turn away from oncoming vehicles; lateral surface impacted

Question 52

In pedestrian collisions children

Answer 52

Turn toward oncoming vehicle

Question 53

The most common form of blunt trauma

Answer 53

Fall

Question 54

Primary blast injury

Answer 54

Caused by heat of explosion and over pressure wave

Question 55

Secondary blast injury

Answer 55

Trauma caused by projectiles

Question 56

Tertiary blast injury

Answer 56

Personnel displacement and structural collapse

Question 57

Quarternary blast injury

Answer 57

Any other injury including crush injuries, burns, asphyxia, toxic exposure, excerbations, or pre-existing chronic illness

Question 58

Most common life threatening trauma with explosions

Answer 58

Lung injury