Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 3 > Bleeding And Shock > Flashcards

Bleeding And Shock Flashcards

1
Q

You should consider bleeding to be serious if the following conditions are presented

A
  • It is associated with a significant MOI
  • The patient has a poor general appearance and is calm
  • Assessment reveals signs and symptoms of shock
  • You note a significant amount of blood loss
  • The blood loss is rapid
  • You cannot control the bleeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

On its own bleeding tends to stop rather quickly within

A

10 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Things that effect blood clotting

A

Movement
Medications
Removal of bandages
External Enviroment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Internal bleeding commonly occurs from

A

Falls
Blast injuries
MVA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Common nontraumatic internal bleeding causes

A

Bleeding ulcers
Bleeding from colon
Ruptured ectopic pregnancy
Aneurysms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In older pt’s the 1st couple signs of of non traumatic internal bleeding is

A

Dizziness
Faintness
Weakness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hematoma

A

Mass of blood in the soft tissues beneath the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The first sign of hypovoelmic shock is

A

Anxiety
Restlessness
Combativeness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock

A
  • Rapid, weak pulse
  • Low BP (late sign)
  • Change in mental status
  • Cool, Clammy skin
  • Cyanosis (lips, oral membranes, nail beds)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Shock can be caused by

A

Bleeding
Respiratory failure
Acute allergic reactions
Overwhelming infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

3 basic causes of shock

A

Pump failure
Low fluid volume
Poor vessel function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Causes of pump failure

A

Heart attack
Trauma to heart
Obstructive causes
Cardiogenic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Causes of low fluid volume

A

Trauma to vessels or tissues
Fluid loss from GI tract (vomiting/diarrhea can also lower the fluid component of blood)
Hypovoelmic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Causes of poor vessel function

A

Infection
Drug OD (narcotic)
Spinal cord injury
Anaphylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cardiogenic Shock develops when

A

The heart cannot maintain sufficient cardio out out to meet the demands of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Two of the most common examples of obstructive shock

A

Cardiac tamponade

Tension pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The four most common causes of distributive shock are

A

Septic shock
Neurogenic shock
Anaphylaxis
Psychogenic shock

18
Q

You should expect shock of a patient has any of the following conditions

A 
Multiple severe fractions
Abdominal or chest injury
Spinal injury
A severe infection
A major heart attack
Anaphylaxis
19
Q

A common form of shock associated with trauma is

A

Hemorrhagic shock

20
Q

The population most at risk for trauma and trauma death is

A

The young adult male

21
Q

The circulatory (cardiovascular) system has 3 basic components

A

Heart
Blood vessels
Blood

22
Q

Stroke volume

A

The volume of blood ejected from the heart with each beat

23
Q

Preload

A

Blood flowing to the heart

*The precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up

24
Q

After load

A

The resistance to blood flow out of the heart

25
Q

The vascular system

A

A continuous series of hollow tubes (blood vessels) distributing blood to and from body tissues.

26
Q

Microcirculation

A

Blood flow in the arterioles, capillaries, and venules.

27
Q

Types of hemorrhage

A

Capillary
Venous
Arterial

28
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Peripheral blood cell that contains hemoglobin; responsible for transport of 02 to the cells

29
Q

Capillary hemorrhage

A

Involves the smallest of blood vessels and generally oozes from the wound. It is normally caused by a abrasion and clots quickly on its own.
*the blood is often bright red because it is well oxygenated

30
Q

Venous hemorrhage

A

Glows more quickly, though it, too, generally stops in a few minutes. Blood lost with venous hemorrhage is generally dark red because 02 has surrendered as red cells passed through the capillary beds.
*Venous hemorrhage volume can sometimes be extensive because of the size of the vessels involved.

31
Q

Hemostasis

A

The body’s three step response to local hemorrhage, comprising a vascular phase that reduces blood flow, a platelet phase in which aggregating platelets from a weak clot, and a coagulation phase that results in the formation of fibrin, creating a strong clot

32
Q

Vascular phase

A

First step in the process of Hemostasis , in which smooth blood vessel muscle contracts, reducing the vessel lumen and the flow of blood through it

33
Q

Platelet phase

A

Second phase in the process of Hemostasis in which platelets adhere to blood vessels walls and to each other

34
Q

Coagulation phase

A

Third step in the process of Hemostasis, which involves the formation of a protein called fibrin that forms a network around a wound to stop bleeding, ward off infection, and lay a foundation for healing and repair of the wound

35
Q

Underlying killer of all trauma and medical patients

A

Shock

36
Q

Hemorrhagic shock

A

Blood loss (internal or external) from vascular container

37
Q

Common cause of shock and death in trauma patients

A

Hemorrhagic shock

38
Q

Class 1 Hemorrhage

A

Blood loss of up to 15% of circulating blood volume (0-500cc)

BP remains constant, as do pulse pressure, RR, urine output

39
Q

Class II hemorrhage

A

15-30% of blood volume lost (1000cc blood loss)

Tachycardia evident; diastolic pressure rises; pulse pressure narrows; pulse strength diminishes

40
Q

Class III hemorrhage

A

Blood loss of 30 to 40% of blood volume (1500cc)

  • Classic signs of shock
  • Tachycardia more pronounced as blood pressure begins to fail
  • Pulse barely palpable, air hunger, anxiety, restlessness, pale cool diaphoretic, urinary output declines
41
Q

Class IV hemorrhage

A

Blood loss greater than 40% of total blood supply (2000cc blood loss)

-pulse barely palpable in central arteries, respirations very rapid, shallow, ineffective, very lethargic and confused

42
Q

Class V

A

2500cc blood loss

Death
HR 140
Barely palpable carotid

Module 3 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions