blueprint of life 2.1

Question 1

outline the impacts on the evolution for plants and animals

Answer 1

• changes in physical conditions in the environment
  
  • changes in chemical conditions in the environment
  • competition for resources

Question 2

what is palaeontology and add in the thoery of evolution.

Answer 2

• the study of fossils.
• provides a time line of evolution of life engraved in the order in which the fossils appear in rock layers.
• transitional fossil: have features that make them an intermediate form between two major groups of organisms.
• Archaeopteryx: bird-reptile, had wings, reptilian teeth, long jointed tail. example of transitional fossil.

Question 3

what is palaeontology and what did it add to the thoery of evolution.

Answer 3

• the study of fossils.
• provides a time line of evolution of life engraved in the order in which the fossils appear in rock layers.
• transitional fossil: have features that make them an intermediate form between two major groups of organisms.
• Archaeopteryx: bird-reptile, had wings, reptilian teeth, long jointed tail. example of transitional fossil.

Question 4

what is bio-geography and what did it add to the thoery of evolution.

Answer 4

• the study of distribution of organisms over the earth

- animals in different regions had come from ancestors in that region and had adapted.

Question 5

what is comparative embryology and what did it add to the theory of evolution

Answer 5

• study and comparison of vertebrate embryos
• all similar in embryo stage ( all had gills, spinal cords and primitive kidneys)
• start with the same skin that later morphs into scales, feathers ect.
• hints towards a common ancestor.

Question 6

what is comparative anatomy and what did it add to the thoery of evolution

Answer 6

• comparing of the anatomy of different organisms
• basic structure of pentadactly limb found in multiple animals that have evolved to use it for different reasons
• the slight modification of the limb indicates these animals come from similar ancestors.

Question 7

what is biochemistry and what did it add to the thoery of evolution

Answer 7

-The study of amino acid sequences shows that more closely related species share more common sequences than do unrelated species.

Question 8

outline the impact on the evolution of plants and animals of: changes in physical conditions in the environment

Answer 8

• natural conditions, such as temperature and the availability of water.
• As Australia became more arid and grass became the dominant vegetation in some areas, environmental selective pressure resulted in larger kangaroos favouring teeth suitable for grass.

Question 9

outline the impact on the evolution of plants and animals of:changes in chemical conditions in the environment

Answer 9

nges in chemical conditions in the environment

-Chemicals that can affect the evolution of species include salts and elements, such as iron. For example, many parts of Australia have soils that have a high salinity. There are a range of salt tolerant plants that have evolved to inhabit those areas. The animals that feed from these plants have also evolved to inhabit those areas.

Question 10

outline the impact on the evolution of plants and animals of:competition for resources

Answer 10

• This occurs within a species and between species. If a new species is introduced into an area then the competition may lead to different species using different resources.
• Resources can include food, space or mates.

Question 11

explain how Darwin/Wallace’s theory of evolution by natural selection and isolation accounts for divergent evolution and convergent evolution

Answer 11

darwin and wallaces theory pretty much states: characteristics favourable to the reproduction and survival of organisms in their environment will be selected and over time, new species will appear in response to environmental changes.
variation
environment
reproduction
adaptions 
isolation
all are factor to evolutionary change

Question 12

what is divergent evolution

Answer 12

Divergent evolution occurs when closely related species experience quite different environments and as a result vastly different characteristics will be selected. The species, over time, will evolve differently and will eventually appear quite different.

Question 13

what is convergent evolution

Answer 13

Convergent evolution occurs when two relatively unrelated species develop similar structures, physiology or behaviours in response to similar selective pressures from similar environments. (filling a neigh)

Question 14

what could be an experiment for natural selection

Answer 14

-two colored types of sticks (green, red).
-throw sticks into lawn.
-see how many you can pick up in ten seconds
-each color stick represents a different catapila
results are evident and explain natural selection and -passing on of better genes