Blue Prints Ch 20 📘

Question 1

During the follicular phase, the release of FSH from the pituitary gland results in development of a _________________.

Answer 1

primary ovarian follicle

Question 2

The ovarian follicle produces ___________, which causes the uterine lining to proliferate.

Answer 2

estrogen

Question 3

At mid cycle—approximately day _____ —there is an LH spike in response to a preceding estrogen surge, which stimulates ovulation, the release of the ovum from the follicle

Answer 3

14

Question 4

After ovulation, the ___________ begins. The remnants of the follicle left behind in the ovary develop into the corpus luteum.

Answer 4

luteal phase

Question 5

This corpus luteum is responsible for the secretion of _______________, which maintains the endometrial lining in preparation to receive a fertilized ovum.

Answer 5

progesterone

Question 6

The withdrawal of estrogen and progesterone during the luteal phase of the prior cycle causes a gradual _____________ in FSH.

Answer 6

increase

Question 7

In turn, FSH stimulates the growth of approximately 5 to 15 ____________________, initiating the follicular phase again.

Answer 7

primordial ovarian follicles

Question 8

The __________ triggers the resumption of meiosis in the oocyte and induces production of progesterone and prostaglandins within the follicle.

Answer 8

LH surge

Question 9

The ___________ and ____________, in turn, are responsible for the rupture of the follicular wall with release of the mature ovum or ovulation.

Answer 9

progesterone and prostaglandins

Question 10

Fertilization of the ovum must occur within ___________ of ovulation or it degenerates.

Answer 10

24 hours

Question 11

If fertilization occurs, the developing trophoblast synthesizes ________________________ —a glycoprotein very similar to LH—which maintains the corpus luteum, so that it can continue production of estrogen and progesterone to support the endometrium.

Answer 11

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 12

During the FOLLICULAR PHASE, the endometrium is in the _______________, growing in response to estrogen.

Answer 12

proliferative phase

Question 13

During the LUTEAL phase, the endometrium enters the ________________, as it matures and is prepared to support implantation.

Answer 13

secretory phase

Question 14

The menopausal transition or perimenopause is the transition from normal ovulatory cycles to menopause because of _______________________.

Answer 14

progressive ovarian failure

Question 15

_______________ formerly premature ovarian failure, is the onset of spontaneous menopause before the age of 40 years and requires further testing.

Answer 15

Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI)