Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Regional and Sectional Anatomy > Blood vessels of head and neck > Flashcards

Blood vessels of head and neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main blood vessels that supply the head?

A

Internal carotid arteries x2 (brain and eyes)
External carotid arteries x 2 (extracranial structures)
Vertebral arteries x2 (brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do the subclavian arteries terminate into?

A

they become continuous with the axillary arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

At what point do the subclavian arteries terminate?

A

terminate at the external margin of the 1st rib (then are continuous with axillary arteries)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the major collateral branches of the subclavian arteries?

A

vertebral

internal thoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the four parts of the vertebral artery?

A

cervical part - arisal off subclavian to C1
vertebral part - C1 to C6
suboccipital part - ascends between the atlas and framen magnum
intracranial part - from foramen magnum into the cranial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the course of the vertebral artery

A

each courses through the transverse foramen of C6 to C1 vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the origin of the vertebral arteries?

A

arise from the first part of the subclavian artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When does the vertebral artery terminate?

A

vertebral arteries unite within the cranial cavity to form the basilar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where do the common carotid arteries arise?

A

R- from brachiocephalic artery

L- from aortic arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the course of the common carotid arteries

A

each ascends posterolateral to the trachea and larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

At what vertebral level does the common carotid artery bifurcate?

A

bifurcates at C3/4 intervertebral disc into the internal and external carotid arteries
at superior border of thyroid cartilage (C3/C4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the collateral branches of the common carotid arteries?

A

there are no collateral branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the difference in location and diameter of the internal and external carotid arteries?

A

internal- wider diameter and is posterolateral to the external

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the carotid sinus?

A

dilation of the most proximal part of the internal carotid artery
contains baroreceptors in its walls (for pressure detection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the collateral branches of the external carotid arteries and what do they supply?

A

collateral- numerous branches that supply thyroid gland and all parts of the head except the brain and eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the terminal branches of the external carotid arteries and what do they supply?

A

terminal- middle meningeal artery is a collateral branch of maxillary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

From which arteries does the middle meningeal artery branch off?

A

it is a collateral branch of the maxillary artery, of the external carotid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What do the middle meningeal arteries supply?

A

cranial bones and dura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where does the middle meningeal artery enter the cranial cavity?

A

through the foramen spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

At what point does the middle meningeal artery divide into anterior and posterior branches?

A

at pterion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the four parts of the internal carotid artery?

A

cervical part
petrous part
cavernous part
cerebral part

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which parts of the internal carotid artery are inside the cranium?

A 
petrous part (carotid canal of petrous part of temporal bone)
cavernous part (carotid groove of the body of the sphenoid bone)
cerebral part (inferior surface of the brain)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the carotid siphon?

A

U-shaped portion of the internal carotid artery
Formed partially by cavernous part and partially by cerebral part
opthalmic artery is a branch of the carotid siphon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What artery does the opthalmic artery branch off?

A

carotid siphon region of the internal carotid artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the main arteries of the brain?

A

internal carotid arteries

vertebral arteries

26
Q

Within the brain, what arteries do the internal carotid arteries contribute to?

A

anterior cerebral arteries
middle cerebral arteries
posterior communicating arteries

27
Q

Within the brain, what arteries do the vertebral arteries contribute to?

A

basilar artery

posterior cerebral arteries

28
Q

The Left and Right vertebral arteries form a union which is called ________?

A

the basilar artery

29
Q

What does the basilar artery terminally divide into?

A

the left and right posterior cerebral arteries

30
Q

What artery branches off the left and right posterior cerebral arteries?

A

L & R posterior communicating artery

31
Q

What arteries link the posterior and anterior cerebral arteries to form the ring of vessels known as the circle of willis?

A

the anterior and posterior communicating arteries

32
Q

What is the percentage of people in which all components of the circle of willis are present and have a normal diameter?

A

18%

33
Q

What is the middle cerebral artery?

A

paired; largest terminal branch of the internal carotid artery

34
Q

What is the anterior cerebral artery?

A

paired; smallest terminal branch of the internal carotid artery

35
Q

What is the anterior communicating artery?

A

single; courses between the right and left anterior cerebral arteries

36
Q

What is the basilar artery?

A

single; courses across the ventral surface of the pons; terminally divides into the right and left posterior cerebral arteries

37
Q

What are the posterior communicating arteries?

A

paired; branch of the cerebral part of the internal carotid artery; anastomoses with the posterior cerebral artery

38
Q

What are the three veins that drain the head?

A

internal jugular veins x2
external jugular veins x2
vertebral venous plexus

39
Q

Which three sinuses drain into the confluence of sinuses?

A

superior sagittal sinus
occipital sinus
straight sinus

40
Q

From the confluence of sinus, where does the venous blood drain to?

A

L&R transverse sinuses
then to the sigmoid sinus
the to internal jugular vein

41
Q

Describe the passage of venous blood from the great cerebral vein & inferior sagittal sinus to the internal jugular veins

A 
great cerebral vein & inferior sagittal sinus
straight sinus
confluence of sinuses
L&R transverse sinuses
sigmoid sinus
internal jugular vein
42
Q

Where are the cavernous venous sinuses located and where do they drain into?

A

either side of the sella turcica; drains into the petrosal sinuses

43
Q

Describe the passage of venous blood from the cavernous sinus to the internal jugular veins (via the superior petrosal sinus)

A 
cavernous sinus
superior petrosal sinus
transverse sinus
sigmoid sinus
internal jugular veins
44
Q

Describe the passage of venous blood from the cavernous sinus to the internal jugular veins (via the inferior petrosal sinus)

A

cavernous sinus
inferior petrosal sinus
sigmoid sinus
internal jugular veins

45
Q

What are the superior petrosal sinuses?

A

they extend within the lateral margins of the tentorium cerebelli along the petrous ridge of the temporal bone
drain into the sigmoid sinus

46
Q

What are the sigmoid venous sinuses?

A

each sinus is a continuation of a transverse sinus and drains into an internal jugular vein

47
Q

Where do the transverse venous sinuses originate?

A

at the confluence of sinuses

48
Q

What are the venous sinuses within the dura mater?

A 
superior sagittal sinus
inferior sagittal sinus
straight sinus
transverse sinuses
sigmoid sinuses
cavernous sinuses
inferior and superior petrosal sinuses
49
Q

What is the origin of the internal jugular veins?

A

continuation of the sigmoid venous sinus in the jugular foramen

50
Q

Where do the internal jugular veins terminate?

A

each unites (confluence) with subclavian vein to form a brachiocephalic vein

51
Q

What is the location of the internal jugular veins?

A

each vein lies posterolateral to the common carotid artery and internal carotid artery
lies within the carotid sheath

52
Q

Where do the internal jugular veins course?

A

each vein descends within the carotid sheath

unites with the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein

53
Q

What are the left and right vertebral veins?

A

each vertebral vein is formed by a plexus of small veins that surround the vertebral part of the vertebral artery
(within the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae)
each drains into the subclavian

54
Q

What are the superficial veins of the neck?

A

external jugular veins x2

55
Q

What are the external jugular veins?

A

drain most of the scalp and face
course superficial to the sternocleidomastoid
commonly drain into the subclavian vein
course through the superficial fascia

56
Q

What is the origin of the external jugular veins?

A

begin near the origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

then descends across the sternocleidomastoid muscles

57
Q

What is the origin of the subclavian veins?

A

each is a continuation of an axillary vein at the external edge of the 1st rib

58
Q

Where do the subclavian veins course?

A

course anterior to the subclavian artery

59
Q

What are the major tributaries of the subclavian veins?

A

external jugular veins

vertebral vein plexus (L&R vertebral vein)

60
Q

Where do the subclavian veins terminate?

A

confluence with the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein

61
Q

What does ipsilateral mean?

A

belonging to/ occurring on the same side of the body

Regional and Sectional Anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions