Blood Vessels and Lymphatics Flashcards
what nerve goes under the arch of the aorta
the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
where does the common carotid artery bifurcate
lateral to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage
what artery does the vertebral artery branch from
subclavian
what do the vertebral arteries run through
the vertebral foramen
what do the 2 vertebral artery join to form
the basilar artery
what is the carotid sinus
a swelling at the bifurcation of the carotid artery where baroreceptors are found
when would you give a carotid massage
supra-ventricular tachycardia as it causes the heart to slow down to induce sinus rhythm
what could result from an atheroma at the bifurcation of the carotid artery
embolus to the brain causing TIA or stroke
what canal does the internal carotid artery run through
the carotid canal
how many branches of the external carotid artery are there
8
name the branches of the external carotid artery
superior temporal, maxillary, posterior auricular, occipital, facial, lingual, ascending pharyngeal, superior thyroid
what blood vessels supply the scalp
internal - supra-orbital and supratrochlear
external - superficial temporal, posterior auricular, occipital
what does the maxillary artery branch into
the middle meningeal artery and sphenopalatine
which foramen does the middle meningeal artery run through?
the spinosum
what does the middle meningeal artery supply
skull and dura
what does the sphenopalatine supply
nasal septum
which vein is used to measure jugular venous pressure and why
internal jugular vein as it gives the best indication of the pressure in the right atrium
what do emissary veins connect
the scalp and the dural sinuses
why can infection spread intracranially from the scalp
as emissary veins are valveless so can’t stop the infection coming into the brain
how do the supra-orbital and supratrochlear vein drain
they come together to form the angular vein which drains into the facial vein
what is Waldeyer’s ring
a collection of lymphoid tissue of the tonsils
where do the tonsils lymphoid tissue drain into
retorpharyngeal lymph node
what does a tender enlargement of a lymph node suggest
infection
what does a hard enlargemnt of the lymph nodes suggest
cancer
what lymph nodes might enlarge with an ulcer
submental
what lymph nodes may enlarge with tongue cancer
jugulo-omohyoid
what lymph nodes may enlarge with tonsillitis
jugulo-digastric
which lymph nodes may enlarge with conjunctivitis
pre auricular
