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ANA300 > BLOOD VESSELS > Flashcards

BLOOD VESSELS Flashcards

1
Q

primary site of action of vasoactive agents

A

post-capillary venules

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2
Q

vasoactive agents

A

histamine, serotonin

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3
Q

what tunica is thickest in veins

A

tunica externa/adventitia

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4
Q

what % of blood in veins at any time

A

65-70%

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5
Q

blood reservoir

A

veins, spleen, liver, bone marrow, skin

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6
Q

what does sympathetic input do to veins

A

vasoconstriction; moves blood out of reservoir into arteries

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7
Q

which tunica is thickest in muscular artery

A

tunica media (many SMCs)

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8
Q

T or F: BP in veins is too low to overcome gravity

A

T

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9
Q

what forms venous valves

A

infolding of tunica intimacy

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10
Q

where can you find venous valves

A

veins of lower limbs

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11
Q

function of valves

A

prevent backflow

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12
Q

what forces venous blood against gravity

A

contraction of adjacent skeletal muscles

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13
Q

T or F: there is huge vascular resistance in capillaries

A

T; very small diameter

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14
Q

valves open when P is…

A

higher below

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15
Q

valves close when P is…

A

higher above

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16
Q

varicose veins

A

veins enlarge in diameter, valves can’t touch, blood pools in these veins

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17
Q

core of valves

A

sub endothelial CT

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18
Q

deep vs superficial veins: arteries

A

deep veins have accompanying systemic arteries; superficial veins (subcutaneous) don’t have accompanying arteries

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19
Q

temperature regulation

A

shunting blood between deep and superficial veins

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20
Q

what route back to the RA will blood take if you’re hot

A

superficial; throw off heat (red skin)

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21
Q

what side has brachiocephalic trunk

A

right

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22
Q

how many branches of aorta supply head, neck, arms

A

3 (brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, left subclavian)

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23
Q

which part of the descending aorta is NOT paired

A

visceral branches in abdominal aorta

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24
Q

what do the unpaired arteries in the abdomen supply

A

digestive tract (think: 1 for 1 long tube)

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25
what divides the thoracic and abdominal descending artery
diaphragm
26
what arteries supply the legs
R and L external iliac arteries
27
what arteries supply kidney
paired abdominal parietal (contained in body wall)
28
T or F: all veins are paired in parietal and visceral
T; all paired to drain body wall and contained organs
29
major vein draining into IVC
hepatic vein; from liver (and blood from intestines)
30
name of system that drains stomach, intestinal blood
hepatic portal system
31
how many hepatic veins drain into IVC
usually 3
32
T or F: there is a vein to drain the stomach (gastric vein)
F; goes through liver
33
T or F: only the arterial system has brachiocephalic trunk
T; in venous its not called trunk; but has 2 brachiocephalic veins
34
arteries
carry blood Away from heart
35
right side of heart -> ____ circulation
pulmonary
36
left side of heart -> ____ circulation
systemic
37
is circulation in parallel or series
parallel
38
circulatory system is delivery system except at
capillaries
39
T or F: arteries always carry oxygenated blood
F; not in pulmonary arteries (deoxygenated away from heart)
40
4 functions of tunica intima
selectively permeable barrier nonthrombogenic (makes anticoagulants; thromobomodulin, TPA) modulates vascular resistance (NO, ACE release; but acts on media) regulate immune response (leukocyte adhesion)
41
what branch of NS innervates tunica media
sympathetic
42
what layer has vaso vasorum
adventitia
43
T or F: sympathetic innervation of tunica media always causes constriction
F; dilation to skeletal muscles, heart; constrict to skin (pale)
44
branches of aorta that are elastic arteries
brachiocephalic trunk, common carotids, subclavian, common iliac
45
what tunica has elastin in elastic arteries
media
46
form of elastin in elastic arteries
fenestrated sheets
47
T or F: you can see elastic laminas in elastic arteries
F; inconspicuous
48
how do elastic arteries modulates BP
lower systole, bump up diastole
49
what produces elastin in elastic arteries
SMCs
50
examples of muscular arteries
gastric, renal, skeletal muscle
51
do muscular arteries have IEL and EEL
Yes; prominent
52
how many layers of SMCs in small arteries
3-6
53
how many layers of SMC in arterioles
1-2
54
what vessels change resistance to control BF into capillaries
arterioles
55
composition of capillaries
endothelium + BM
56
T or F: capillaries may have smaller diameter than RBC
T; RBC may bend
57
what cells contribute to capillary repair
pericytes
58
3 types of capillaries
continuous, fenestrated, sinusoids
59
what type of capillary in lung, brain, muscle
continuous
60
what junctions in continuous capillaries
desmosomes, tight junctions
61
continuous capillaries: transport method
transcytosis
62
where can you find fenestrated capillaries
endocrine, small intestine, choroid plexus, kidney
63
function of fenestrae
rapid exchange of small proteins
64
how do fenestra form
pinocytotic vesicles span membrane
65
T or F: fenestrae are dynamic
T; number & size change with activity
66
BM in sinusoids
discontinuous
67
function of sinusoids
rapid exchange of large solutes
68
where would you find sinusoids
liver, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes
69
function of large diameter in sinusoids
slows BF, more time for molecular exchange
70
function of arteriovenous anastomosis
shunt blood from A to V; skip capillary bed
71
where would you find arteriovenous anastomoses
skin, erectile tissue
72
what is used in precapillary sphincter to adjust flow
SMCs
73
what channel provides direct route from arteriole to venule
met arteriole/ throughfare channel
74
circulating ___ provides sympathetic input
epinephrine, norepinephrine
75
where does epinephrine come from
adrenal glands
76
what 2 molecules vasodilation
NO, CO2
77
what tunica controls resistance
media; contraction/relaxation of SMCs

ANA300 (9 decks)

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