Blood vessel identification (NOVAK) Flashcards
Why is the heart considered a dual pump?
It pumps blood to the pulomonary system and then back to the heart where the heart will then pump the blood through systemic circuit.
- Pulmonary circuit
- Systemic circuit
The base of the heart is located at the _____.
A. top
B. bottom
A. top
Base of heart = top
Apex of heart = bottom
Which of the following is the Anterior and inferior part of the heart that points to the left hip?
A. base of heart
B. apex of heart
B. apex of heart
Base of heart = posterior superior
Apex of heart = anterior and inferior
Which of the following is at the level of the fifth left intercostal space?
A. base of heart
B. apex of heart
B. apex of heart
Describe where the heart is located in the body:
The heart lies on the diaphragm, posterior to the sternum, in the mediastinum
Discuss blood flow through the heart: (16 steps)
Blood travels
- through systemic veins —> superior and inferior venae cavae and coronary sinus
- Right atrium
- Tricuspid valve (right AV valve)
- Right Ventricle
- Pulmonary semilunar valve
- Pulmonary trunk and arteries
- Gas exchange in lungs
- Pulmonary veins
- Left atrium
- Bicuspid valve / Mitral valve (left AV valve)
- Left ventricle
- Aortic semilunar valve
- Aorta Systemic arteries
What is another name for bicuspid valve?
Mitral Valve (left AV valve)
What is another name for Right AV valve?
Tricuspid valve
Which of the following is touching the Lumen of bood vessels?
A. Tunica intima
B. Tunica media
C. Tunica externa
D. Vasa vasorum
A. Tunica intima
note: the tunica intima is intimate with the lumen of blood vessels
Tunica intima = simple squamous epithelium; endothelium
Tunica media = smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Tunica externa = collagen and elastic fibers
Which of the following contains circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers and elastic fibers?
A. Tunica intima
B. Tunica media
C. Tunica externa
D. Vasa vasorum
B. Tunica media
Tunica intima = simple squamous epithelium; endothelium
Tunica media = smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Tunica externa = collagen and elastic fibers
Which of the following contains simple squamous epithelium and endothelium?
A. Tunica intima
B. Tunica media
C. Tunica externa
D. Vasa vasorum
A. Tunica intima
Tunica intima = simple squamous epithelium; endothelium
Tunica media = smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Tunica externa = collagen and elastic fibers
Which of the following contains collagen and elastic fibers?
A. Tunica intima
B. Tunica media
C. Tunica externa
D. Vasa vasorum
C. Tunica externa
Tunica intima = simple squamous epithelium; endothelium
Tunica media = smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Tunica externa = collagen and elastic fibers
Which of the following is known as the “vessels of the vessels”?
A. Tunica intima
B. Tunica media
C. Tunica externa
D. Vasa vasorum
D. Vasa vasorum
Tunica intima = simple squamous epithelium; endothelium
Tunica media = smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Tunica externa = collagen and elastic fibers
Which of the following is the location of vasodilation and vasoconstriction?
A. Tunica intima
B. Tunica media
C. Tunica externa
D. Vasa vasorum
B. Tunica media
note: Tunica media contains smooth muscle (which is the site of vasodilation/constriction)
Tunica intima = simple squamous epithelium; endothelium
Tunica media = smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Tunica externa = collagen and elastic fibers
Which of the following is intimate with the lumen of blood vessels?
A. Tunica intima
B. Tunica media
C. Tunica externa
D. Vasa vasorum
A. Tunica intima
________ is a network of small vessels that supply the walls of large vessels.
Vasa vasorum
Which of the following is ONLY tunica intima?
A. Arteries
B. Capillaries
C. Veins
B. Capillaries
note: allows rapid gas exchange
Arteries = thickest tunica media (smooth muscle for vasodilation/constriction)
Capillaries = ONLY tunica intima for rapid gas exchange
Veins = Thickest tunica externa
Which of the following contains the thickest tunica media?
A. Arteries
B. Capillaries
C. Veins
A. Arteries
Arteries = thickest tunica media (smooth muscle for vasodilation/constriction)
Capillaries = ONLY tunica intima for rapid gas exchange
Veins = Thickest tunica externa
Which of the following contains the thickest tunica externa?
A. Arteries
B. Capillaries
C. Veins
C. Veins
note: Veins have valves to prevent backflow
Arteries = thickest tunica media (smooth muscle for vasodilation/constriction)
Capillaries = ONLY tunica intima for rapid gas exchange
Veins = Thickest tunica externa; valves
Which of the following contains valves?
A. Arteries
B. Capillaries
C. Veins
C. Veins
Arteries = thickest tunica media (smooth muscle for vasodilation/constriction)
Capillaries = ONLY tunica intima for rapid gas exchange
Veins = Thickest tunica externa
Arteries have the thickest ______.
A. tunica intima
B. tunica media
C. tunica externa
B. tunica media
Arteries = thickest tunica media (smooth muscle for vasodilation/constriction)
Capillaries = ONLY tunica intima for rapid gas exchange
Veins = Thickest tunica externa
Veins have the thickest ______.
A. tunica intima
B. tunica media
C. tunica externa
C. tunica externa
Arteries = thickest tunica media (smooth muscle for vasodilation/constriction)
Capillaries = ONLY tunica intima for rapid gas exchange
Veins = Thickest tunica externa
Discuss the branches of the Aortic Arch:
ABC’S of the aorta
- Aortic arch
- Brachiocephalic trunk
- Left Common carotid artery
- Left Subclavian artery
All of the following branch from the aortic arch EXCEPT:
A. Righ common carotid artery
B. Brachiocephalic Trunk
C. Left common carotid artery
D. Left subclavian artery
A. Righ common carotid artery
Branches of the Aortic Arch: “ABC’S”
- Aortic arch
- Brachiocephalic trunk
- Left common carotid
- Left subclavian
Where is the brachiocephalic trunk located?
A. Right side
B. Left side
A. Right side
note: if a question asks what branches from the brachiocephalic trunk you know that they all have RIGHT in the name. eg. right common carotid, right subclavian
All of the following branch off the Left subclavian artery EXCEPT:
A. Left common carotid artery
B. Left vertebral artery
C. Left internal thoracic artery
D. Left thyrocervical artery
E. Left costocervical artery
A. Left common carotid artery
hint: left subclavian artery branches into left vertebral, left internal thoracic, left thyrocervical, and left costocervical
hint: all of the arteries that branch off the right subclavian are all of the same as the hint above but with right in the name instead of left
Which of the following is an unpaired artery of the abdominal aorta?
A. Intercostal arteries
B. Renal arteries
C. Gonadal arteries
D. Splenic arteries
E. Common illiac arteries
D. Splenic arteries
Unpaired arteries:
- Celiac trunk
- splenic artery
- left gastric artery
- common hepatic artery
- Superior mesenteric artery
- Inferior mesenteric artery
- Median sacral artery
All of the following are unpaired arteries of the celiac trunk EXCEPT:
A. Splenic artery
B. Left gastric artery
C. Common hepatic artery
D. Common iliac artery
D. Common iliac artery
Unpaired arteries:
- Celiac trunk
- splenic artery
- left gastric artery
- common hepatic artery
- Superior mesenteric artery
- Inferior mesenteric artery
- Median sacral artery
List the 6 unpaired arteries of the abdominal aorta:
- Celiac trunk
- splenic artery
- left gastric artery
- common hepatic artery
- Superior mesenteric
- Inferior mesenteric
- Median sacral artery
List the three arteries of the celiac trunk:
Splenic, Common hepatic and Left gastric arteries
List the 11 veins that drain into the inferior vena cava:
- great saphenous v.
- Femoral v.
- External iliac v.
- Internal iliac v.
- Common iliac v.
- Inferior vena cava
- Lumbar v.
- Gonadal v.
- Renal v.
- Suprarenal v.
- Hepatic v.
note: Gonadal v. drains into the inferior vena cava and the renal v.
Discuss what each of the following drain into:
- Great saphenous v. connects to femoral v. and drains into ______.
- External iliac v. and internal iliac v. connect and drain into ________.
Great saphenous v. + femoral v. drains into External iliac v.
External and Internal iliac vv. connect and drain into the common iliac v.
Discuss the hepatic portal system:
- Where is the hepatic portal vein formed?
- List the 6 veins that are associated with the hepatic portal system.
- What is the function of the hepatic portal system?
Hepatic portal system
- Hepatic portal vein is formed at the junction of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein
- 6 veins:
- hepatic portal v.
- superior mesenteric v.
- inferior mesenteric v.
- splenic v.
- gastric v.
- gastroepiploic v.
- Functions:
- routes blood to the liver to be cleaned
- dumps into hepatic vein, which dumps into the inferior vena cava
Which of the following is formed at the junction of the superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein?
A. Hepatic portal v.
B. Inferior mesenteric v.
C. Gastric v.
D Gastroepiploic v.
A. Hepatic portal v.
The hepatic portal vein is formed at the junction of which two vessels?
A. Inferior mesenteric v. and Splenic v.
B. Splenic v. and Gastric v.
C. Inferior mesenteric v. and superior mesenteric v.
D. Superior mesenteric v. and splenic v.
D. Superior mesenteric v. and splenic v.
note: superior and splenic… “the two S’s”
What are the branches of the Subclavian artery?
VIT C
- Vertebral artery
- Internal thoracic artery
- Thyrocervical trunk
- Costocervical trunk
