Blood Supply

Question 1

What are two major components to control blood flow in the brain?

Answer 1

1. AUTOREGULATION: ARTERIAL AND SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL MEDIATED, especially larger arteries (ensure that the brain is getting the same amout of blood regardless of what is occuring in the rest of the body)
2. METABOLIC: INC neuronal activity –> GLUTAMATE release –> astrocyte end feet R activated –> vasodilator factors released at end-feet applied to vessels (depending on the metabolic need of the tissue)
3. neuronal control - cerebral vessels innervated by ANS

Question 2

How much blood does the brain use?

%:

?amount/100g of brain tissue

Below which amount will the neuron stop functioning?

Answer 2

Brain received about 15% of the body’s blood flow

uses 50-60 mL blood/100 g of brain tissue

@ 20 mL of blood, the neuron stops sending electrical signals, below this amount, there is loss of neurons

Question 3

What components make up the blood-brain barrier?

Answer 3

Capillary endothelial cells (most important part of the BBB)

Pericytes

astrocytes

neuronal processes

Question 4

What is this image representing

Answer 4

Anterior Cerebral Artery territory stroke

Question 5

What is this image representing

Answer 5

Intracerebral hemorrhage

CT- (bleeding - white appearance; suspect hemorrhage)

Question 6

What is this image representing?

Answer 6

Posterior Cerebral Artery territory stroke

Question 7

What is this image representing?

Answer 7

Middle Cerebral Artery territory stroke

T1 (top) – better at anatomy

T2 (bottom) - better at pathology

Question 8

What is this image representing?

Answer 8

Subarachnoid hemorrhage