Blood (smith) Flashcards
SInce blood is outside of the cells it is called an _______________.
extracellular fluid
Other fluids Existing outside of the cells are __________ and lymph.
interstitial fluid
The bodies way of maintaining a balance inside the body within the normal physiolocgical limits.
Homeostasis
What are the 3 main functions of the blood?
Transportation -oxygen, co2, nutrients, waste, &hormones
Regulation- pH, temperature, water content
Protection- against blood loss, foreign microbes
Of total volume of blood what are the percentages of red blood cells, blood plasma, and white blood cells.
45% red
55%blood plasma
<1% white blood cells and platelets
White blood cells and platelets form a thin layer called a _______ between packed red blood cells and blood plasma.
buffy coat
Red blood cells are also called
erythrocytes
White blood cells are also called
leukocytes
What are the formed elements?
red, white blood cells, and platelets
Process of producing any of the formed elements
hemopoiesis
Maure RBC’s are biconcave discs that contain _________.
hemoglobin
A substance that is in red blood cells and consists of globin (protein) and the iron-containing red pigment heme.
Hemoglobin
How many molecules of oxygen can one hemoglobin molecule transport? (need to know)
4 molecules of oxygen
Why does shape matter with RBC’s?
High SA to volume ratio
Discs stack like plates
Discs can bend and flex
RBC’s are formed in a process called _____________. and is stimulated by hormone __________.
erythropoiesis
erythropoietin (EPO) (primarily in kidneys… some in liver)
True/False: RBC’s are formed through hemopoiesis and erythropoiesis.
True
Worn-out and aged RBC’s are destroyed by phagocytosis in the ______ and ________, hemoglobin is recycled.
liver and spleen
Condition in which oxygen- carrying capacity of blood is reduced through decreased RBC’s decresed concentration of hemoglobin.
Anemia
Anemia is a sign of what?
hemorrhagic- loss of RBC from bleeding
iron deficiency- Most prevalent
Sickle cell- genetic defect
Sickle cell only affects the _______ chain.
beta
_____________ is a trait of sickle cell anemia.
Hemolytic anemia
WBCs have a nucleus and other organelles but lack _________.
hemoglobin
What are the two types of WBCs?
Granular/Granulocytes- BEN -basophils -eosinophils -neutrophils Agranular/ Agranulocytes -lymphocytes -monocytes
White blood cell functions:
defend against pathogens
remove toxins and wastes
attack abnormal cells
(basically fight inflammation and infection)
