Blood Pressure, Pulse and the Cardiac Cycle Flashcards
Where is the respiratory control system?
Medulla oblongata
What is tidal volume?
The normal volume displaced between the normal inhalation and exhalation of air when extra effort is not applied. Around 500 mL per inhalation is the normal tidal volume.
What is the normal respiration breathes?
15-20 breathes per minutes
What is pulse rate?
It is created when the left ventricle contracts causing a series of pressure waves within the arteries and artery walls increase in size.
What is the normal pulse rate?
60-80 bpm
What is abnormal pulse rate?
Bradycardia: below 60 bpm
Tachycardia: above 100 bpm
Atrial fibrillation: the heart rate is not equal to pulse rate
What is pulse pressure?
It represents the force it takes for the heart to contract each time. It is the difference between the systole and the diastole number.
What is systole?
the maximum pressure os the blood against the walls of the arteries during ventricular contractions.
What is diastole?
the minimum pressure of the blood against the walls of the artery following the close of the aortic valve
What is the mean artificial pressure?
It is the average pressure required to push blood through circulatory system. (2 x diastole + systole) / 3.
Explain the cardiac cycle
The cardiac cycle is the sequence of events that occurs when the heart beats. As the heart beats, it circulates blood through pulmonary and systemic circuits of the body. There are two phases of the cardiac cycle. In the diastole phase, the heart ventricles are relaxed and the heart fills with blood. In the systole phase, the ventricles contract and pump blood out of the heart and to arteries. One cardiac cycle is completed when the heart chambers fill with blood and blood is then pumped out of the heart.
