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BSP general YR1 > Blood pressure and Blood flow > Flashcards

Blood pressure and Blood flow Flashcards

1
Q

What factors cause an increase in resistance

A

Increase in length of the vessels
Increase in blood viscosity
Decrease in vessel diameter

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2
Q

What are the two consequences of transition of laminar to turbulent flow

A

Higher resistance

Audible

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3
Q

What % of blood are made up of blood cells in both men and women

A

Men - 40% to 54%

Women - 37% to 47%

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4
Q

What is stroke volume

A

The volume of blood pumped out of ventricles with every contraction

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5
Q

What is systolic and diastolic

A

Systolic is maximum pressure during contraction whereas diastolic is minimum pressure during relaxation

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6
Q

What factors could influence blood pressure when measuring for it

A

Blood pressure cuff too small - 10 to 40 mmHg
Blood pressure cuff over clothing - 10 to 50 mmHg
Not resting 3-5 minutes - 10 to 20 mmHg
Arm position - 2mmHg for every inch above/below your heart level
Back unsupported -6mmHg
Legs crossed - 2 to 8 mmHg
Talking - 10 to 15 mmHg
Full bladder - 10 to 15mmHg
Emotional state
Temperature- increased when cold
Smoking, alcohol and caffeine - refrain for 30 minutes before test

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7
Q

What is pulse pressure

A

systolic blood pressure - diastolic blood pressure

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8
Q

What is mean arterial blood pressure

A

diastolic BP + 1/3 pulse pressure

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9
Q

physical factors affecting blood pressure

A 
Cardiac output
Peripheral vascular resistance
Volume of circulating blood
Viscosity of blood
Elasticity of vessel walls
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10
Q

What is normal blood pressure in arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and veins

A

arteries - 120/80 mmHg
arterioles - 80-90/70 mmHg
capillaries - 35/16 mmHg
veins - <16 mmHg , no diastolic pressure

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11
Q

What helps blood return to the heart

A 
Valves in veins
Skeletal muscle contraction
Breathing
Blood volume
The activity of sympathetic nerve
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12
Q

What does the CV center regulate

A

Heart rate
Stroke volume
Blood vessel diameter

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12
Q

What does the CV center regulate

A

Heart rate
Stroke volume
Blood vessel diameter

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13
Q

Where does the CV center receive inputs from

A

Higher brain centers
Baroreceptors
Chemoreceptors

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14
Q

What are baroreceptors

A

Stretch receptors sensitive to arterial pressure fluctuations

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15
Q

What is the importance of baroreceptors

A

Short term regulation of BP
Tonic regulation of BP
Pressure buffer system - reduce BP fluctuations during daily events

16
Q

What are chemoreceptors sensitive to

A

Decreased PO2, increased PCO2 and increased H+

17
Q

What is the importance of Chemoreceptors

A

regulation of BP when falls below baroreceptor range

18
Q

What does stimulation of chemoreceptors cause reflex in

A

Vasomotor tone

BSP general YR1 (9 decks)

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