Blood Pattern Analysis

Question 1

accompanying drop

Answer 1

a small blood drop produced as a
byproduct of drop formation

Question 2

altered stain

Answer 2

a bloodstain with characteristics that
indicate a physical change has occurred

Question 3

angle of impact

Answer 3

the acute angle, alpha, relative to the
plane of the target, at which the blood drop strikes that target

Question 4

area of convergence

Answer 4

the space, in two dimensions, to which the
directionality of spatter stains can be retraced to determine the location of a spatter
producing event

Question 5

area of origin

Answer 5

the space in three dimensions, to which the trajectories
of spatter can be utilized to determine the location of a spatter producing event

Question 6

backspatter pattern

Answer 6

a bloodstain pattern resulting from
blood drops, which can be produced when a projectile creates an entrance wound

Question 7

blood clot

Answer 7

gelatinous mass formed
by a complex mechanism involving red blood cells, fibrinogen, platelets, and other
clotting factors

Question 8

bloodstain

Answer 8

a deposit of blood on a surface

Question 9

bloodstain pattern

Answer 9

grouping or distribution of bloodstains
that indicates through regular or repetitive form, order, or arrangement the manner
in which the pattern was deposited

Question 10

bubble ring

Answer 10

an outline within a
bloodstain resulting from air in the blood

Question 11

cast-off pattern

Answer 11

bloodstain pattern resulting from blood drops released from
an object, due to its motion

Question 12

cessation pattern

Answer 12

cessation pattern
is a bloodstain pattern resulting from blood drops being released from an object
due to its rapid deceleration

Question 13

directionality

Answer 13

he characteristic of a bloodstain that
indicates the direction the blood was moving at the time of deposition.

Question 14

directional angle

Answer 14

the angle, gamma, between the long axis of a spatter stain
and a defined reference line on the target

Question 15

drip pattern

Answer 15

a bloodstain pattern resulting from a liquid
that dripped into another liquid, at least one of which was blood

Question 16

drip stain

Answer 16

a bloodstain resulting from a falling drop that formed due to
gravity

Question 17

drip trail

Answer 17

a blood stain pattern
resulting from the movement of a source of drip stains between two points

Question 18

Edge characteristic

Answer 18

a physical feature of the periphery of a bloodstain, just defining the edge of a blood
stain

Question 19

expiration pattern/expirated blood

Answer 19

a blood stain pattern resulting from
blood forced by air flow out of the nose, mouth, or a wound

Question 20

flow

Answer 20

a bloodstain resulting from movement of a volume
of blood on a surface due to gravity or movement of the target

Question 21

forward spattered pattern

Answer 21

a bloodstain pattern resulting from blood drops, which can be produced
when a projectile creates an exit wound

Question 22

impact pattern

Answer 22

a bloodstain pattern resulting from an
object striking liquid blood

Question 23

insect stain

Answer 23

a bloodstain resulting from
insect activity

Question 24

parent stain

Answer 24

a bloodstain from which a satellite stain
originated

Question 25

perimeter stain

Answer 25

an altered stain consisting of its original edge characteristics, and the central stain having been partially or entirely removed

Question 26

pool

Answer 26

a bloodstain resulting from an accumulation of liquid blood on a surface

Question 27

Projected pattern

Answer 27

a bloodstain pattern resulting from the ejection of blood under hydraulic pressure, typically from a breach in the circulatory system

Question 28

satellite stain

Answer 28

a smaller bloodstain that originated during the formation of the parent stain, as a result of the blood impacting the surface.

Question 29

spine

Answer 29

these little projections outside the perimeter of a stain

Question 30

saturation stain

Answer 30

a bloodstain resulting from the accumulation of liquid blood in an absorbent material

Question 31

serum stain

Answer 31

results from the liquid portion of blood - also known as the serum - that separates from the cellular portion during coagulation, or the drying of blood

Question 32

spatter stain

Answer 32

a bloodstain resulting from an airborne blood drop created when an external force is applied to liquid blood

Question 33

splash pattern

Answer 33

a bloodstain pattern created from a large volume of liquid blood falling onto a surface

Question 34

swipe pattern

Answer 34

a bloodstain resulting from the transfer of blood from a blood-bearing surface on to another surface

Question 35

transfer stain

Answer 35

a bloodstain resulting from contact between a blood-bearing surface and another surface

Question 36

void

Answer 36

the absence of blood in an otherwise continuous bloodstain or blood pattern

Question 37

wipe

Answer 37

an altered stain resulting from an object moving through a pre-existing wet bloodstain

Question 38

low velocity spatter

Answer 38

blood that is subjected to a force of five foot per second or less

Question 39

medium velocity impact spatter

Answer 39

blood that has been subjected to a force of somewhere between five and 25 feet per second, resulting in stain sizes ranging from one to four millimeters in diameter

Question 40

High velocity spatter

Answer 40

blood that is subjected to a force exceeding 100 feet per second, and this results in stain sizes that are usually less than or equal to one millimeter in diameter