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Anatomy Midterm 2 > Blood & Lymphatic Vascular Systems > Flashcards

Blood & Lymphatic Vascular Systems Flashcards

1
Q

RBC’s

A

carry oxygen and carbon dioxide (99% of cells)

  • biconcave disc shaped cells
  • no nucleus (ejected from cell during development)
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2
Q

Monocytes

A

become macrophages

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3
Q

Neutrophils

A

destroy bacteria

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4
Q

Eosinophils

A

inflammatory response

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5
Q

Basophils

A

inflammatory & allergic response

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6
Q

Lymphocytes

A

immune response

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7
Q

Platelets

A

clotting reaction

  • formed from stem cells in the red bone marrow
  • formed from megakaryocytes
  • cell fragments that pinch off from the megakaryocytes
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8
Q

Internal Thoracic Artery

A

supplies blood to the thorax anteriorly

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9
Q

Intercostal Artery

A

supplies posterior aspect of thoracic cavity

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10
Q

Vertebral Artery

A

major supply of blood to the brain

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11
Q

Carotid Sinus

A

swelling at branch of external & internal carotids

  • contains baroreceptors to sense blood pressure
  • feedback to heart rate
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12
Q

Superior Mesenteric Artery

A

supplies small intestine and colon

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13
Q

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

A

supplies remaining portion of colon (not supplied by superior mesenteric)

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14
Q

Internal Iliac Artery

A

supplies pelvic area

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15
Q

External Iliac Artery

A

becomes femoral artery - supplies lower extremities

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16
Q

Deep Brachial Artery

A

supplies posterior of arm

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17
Q

Brachial Artery

A

supplies anterior of arm

18
Q

Palmar Arches (Arteries)

A

one superficial & one deep - inastimosis of radial & ulnar

19
Q

Deep Femoral Artery

A

supplies the lower limb posteriorly

20
Q

Popliteal Artery

A

passes through popliteus

21
Q

Pedal Arches (Arteries)

A

dorsal and plantar arches

22
Q

Azygos

A

means “unpaired”, vein running medially down thorax branching off superior vena cava

23
Q

Internal Thoracic Vein

A

drains thorax anteriorly

24
Q

Brachiocephalic Vein

A

multiple merge to form superior vena cava

25
Q

Hemiazygos

A

drains intercostals (posterior thoracic cavity)

26
Q

External Jugular Vein

A

drains more superficial (comp. to Internal jugular)

27
Q

Internal Jugular Vein

A

drains more deep (sinuses) (comp. to external jugular)

28
Q

Hepatic Veins

A

drain liver

29
Q

Renal Veins

A

drain kidneys

30
Q

Hepatic Portal System

A

all veins come together to form one vein to liver (Hepatic Portal Vein)

  • all blood filtered by liver before going back into circulation
  • interpose 2nd capillary bed between 1st capillary bed & heart
31
Q

Drainage of R & L Lymphatic System

A

R - lymphatic duct
L - thoracic duct
- empty into large thoracic veins - cysterna chyli (“collecting lymph”)

32
Q

Two Major Classes of Lymphocytes

A
  1. B-Lymphocytes

2. T-Lymphocytes

33
Q

B-Lymphocytes

A

formed in bone marrow, produce antibodies

34
Q

T-Lymphocytes

A

formed in thymus gland, killer T-cells destroy pathogens & abnormal cells, regulatory T-cells regulate the immune response

35
Q

Lymphoid Nodules

A
  • densely packed accumulations of lymphocytes

- mount an immune response to antigens

36
Q

Tonsils

A
  • aggregates of lymphoid nodules in the pharynx
  • remove pathogens from inspired air and food
  • now considered an important part of lymphatic system
37
Q

Lymph Nodes

A
  • function as lymph filters
  • major site of immune response to antigens
  • many afferent vessels penetrate capsule
  • single efferent vessel exits node
38
Q

Lymphatic Drainage of the Breast

A
  • need contraction of muscles to move lymph
  • some pressure gradient but mainly from contraction
  • cancer cells metastasize (migrate) along lymphatics and become trapped in lymph nodes
39
Q

Thymus Gland

A
  • lies posterior to sternum in anterior portion of mediastinum
  • composed of two lobes
  • large early in life
  • undergoes involution later in life
  • source of T-Lymphocytes
40
Q

Spleen

A
  • important blood filter
  • located along lateral curvature of stomach
  • largest lymphoid organ
  • filters the blood
  • removes abnormal blood cells
  • mounts immune response against circulation antigens

Anatomy Midterm 2 (7 decks)

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