Blood & Lymph

Question 1

Quinidine

Answer 1

IV version of Quinine, tx all blood stages, no resistance

Question 2

Primaquine

Answer 2

Prevents relapses in vivax and ovale (bc they produce hypnozoites)

Question 3

Plasmodium falciparum

Answer 3

PPP: 8-11d
Trophozoites: signet ring
Gametocytes: banana shaped
RBCs: no enlargement
Fever: irregular fever spikes (periodicity)
Sx's: after 2 erythrocytic cycles
Tx: quinine (for all blood stages)

Question 4

Wucheria bancrofti

Answer 4

Infectious: L3 microfilirae
Hydrocele: must do surgery bc little elasticity of scrotum

Question 5

Plasmodium ovale

Answer 5

PPP: 10-17d
Trophozoites: oval
RBCs: enlarged
Hypnozoites: dormant in liver, lead to relapse
Fever: 48h fever spike
Tx: Chloroquine (all blood stages), & Primaquin prevents relapses

Question 6

Plasmodium vivax

Answer 6

PPP: 10-17d
Trophozoite: scrambley
RBCs: enlarged
Hypnozoites: dormant in liver, lead to relapse
Fever: 48h fever spike
Tx: Chloroquine (all blood stages), & Primaquin prevents relapses

Question 7

Plasmodium malariae

Answer 7

PPP: 18-40d
Trophozoite: band w/in RBC
RBC: no enlargement
Fever: 72h spike

Question 8

P. falciparum Extrinsic Lifecycle

Answer 8

5d in anopheles mosquito

Question 9

P. falciparum Intrinsic Lifecycle

Answer 9

Hepatic: 8d
Erythrocytic: 3d (72h)

Question 10

P. falciparum sx’s

Answer 10

Fever: irregular fever spikes

Cerebral malaria: coma, rigidity, posturing, dysconjgate gaze (d/t schizonts on endothelium of cerebral bv’s)

Question 11

Chloroquine

Answer 11

Ovale, vivax, malariae

Question 12

Onchocerca volvulus

Answer 12

Wolbachai bacteria is necessary for reproduction

ROS: extremes itching when bacteria die

Question 13

Best choice for malaria prophylaxis?

Answer 13

Atovaquone + Proguanil (aka Malarone) bc this has the fewest side effects