Blood & Heart

Question 1

functions of the heart:

Answer 1

-generating blood pressure
-routing blood
-ensuring one-way blood flow
regulating blood supply

Question 2

location:
mediastinum, apex directed to the left 5th intercostal space, base located deep to the sternum and extends to the 2nd intercostal space, thorax between the lungs, pointed apex directed toward left hip, size of closed fist, 250 mass-XX and 300 mass-XY

Answer 2

Heart

Question 3

double-layered closed sac that surrounds the heart consists of fibrous and serous pericardium

Answer 3

pericardium

Question 4

tough fibrous connective tissue layer, prevents overdistension of the heart & anchors it within the mediastinum

Answer 4

fibrous pericardium

Question 5

divided into 2 parts visceral and parietal cavity

space between them is pericardial cavity

Answer 5

serous pericardium

Question 6

superficial layer of the heart wall

Answer 6

epicardium or visceral pericardium

Question 7

epicardium when considered a part of the heart

Answer 7

serous pericardium

Question 8

thick middle layer of the heart

Answer 8

myocardium

Question 9

deep to the myocardium

Answer 9

endocardium

Question 10

3 layer of the heart:

Answer 10

• epicardium
• myocardium
• endocardium

Question 11

receiving chambers

Answer 11

atria

Question 12

discharging chambers

Answer 12

ventricles

Question 13

located between each atrium and ventricle

Answer 13

atrioventricular valve
tricuspid valves -3 valves
bicuspid valves -2valves

Question 14

Blood flow:

Answer 14

blood from systemic circuit–venae cavae–right atrium–right ventricle–pulmonary trunk–pulmonary arteries–alveolar capillaries—pulmonary veins–left atrium–left ventricle–aorta–blood to systemic circuit

Question 15

innermost layer simple squamous epithelial cells

Answer 15

tunica intima

Question 16

middle layer smooth muscle cells

Answer 16

tunica media

Question 17

dense connective tissue adjacent to tunica media

Answer 17

tunica adventitia