Blood Groups Flashcards

1
Q

What are the blood groups, antigens, antibodies and the blood people can receive

A

AB, AB, - , All
A, A, B, A/O
B, B. A, B/O
O, - , A B, O

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2
Q

How is blood group determined

A

Codominance
A and B = dominant
O = recessive

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3
Q

Describe how the Rh factor is expressed

Describe any problems that can arise

A

D gene = dominant
-85% = Rh+

D antigen antibodies not normally found in Rh
Needs sensitization (Ph+ child and Rh- mother)

Can result in haemolytic disease in next preganayc if 2nd child also Rh+ as antibodies have been made

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4
Q

Complications of blood transfusions

A
Blood type incompatibility
Transmission of infection
Iron overload
Fever
Impaired clotting
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5
Q

Describe blood type incompatibility

A

When recipient has a, b, anti D antibodies, donor cells with these antigens agglutinate and haemolyse

If accumulation of bilirubin increases, leads to hemolytic jaundice and renal failure

Donor antibodies diluted/removed so not a problem in the other way around

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6
Q

Describe how infection can be transmitted via blood transfusion

A

Hepatitis
HIC
Prions
Malarial parasites

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7
Q

Why can iron overload happen in blood transfusions

A

Can occur due to many transfusions

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8
Q

Why can fever occur in transfusions

A

Due to transferred WBC

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9
Q

Why can impaired clotting occur in transfusions

A

Due to massive transfusion with stored blood

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