Blood Groups Flashcards
What are the blood groups, antigens, antibodies and the blood people can receive
AB, AB, - , All
A, A, B, A/O
B, B. A, B/O
O, - , A B, O
How is blood group determined
Codominance
A and B = dominant
O = recessive
Describe how the Rh factor is expressed
Describe any problems that can arise
D gene = dominant
-85% = Rh+
D antigen antibodies not normally found in Rh Needs sensitization (Ph+ child and Rh- mother)
Can result in haemolytic disease in next preganayc if 2nd child also Rh+ as antibodies have been made
Complications of blood transfusions
Blood type incompatibility Transmission of infection Iron overload Fever Impaired clotting
Describe blood type incompatibility
When recipient has a, b, anti D antibodies, donor cells with these antigens agglutinate and haemolyse
If accumulation of bilirubin increases, leads to hemolytic jaundice and renal failure
Donor antibodies diluted/removed so not a problem in the other way around
Describe how infection can be transmitted via blood transfusion
Hepatitis
HIC
Prions
Malarial parasites
Why can iron overload happen in blood transfusions
Can occur due to many transfusions
Why can fever occur in transfusions
Due to transferred WBC
Why can impaired clotting occur in transfusions
Due to massive transfusion with stored blood