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MVP-SBB > Blood Groups > Flashcards

Blood Groups Flashcards

1
Q

Residual HLA class1 glycoprotein molecules on RBCs

A

BG antigens
Weak on cord cells
Chromosome 6. Band p21. I

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2
Q

BG antigens are sensitive to (2 chemicals)

A

CDP and EGA

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3
Q

Ch/Rg sensitive to?

A

Enzymes: Ficin/papain
Pronase, Trypsin, Chymotrypsin

Also, can be neutralized

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4
Q

Ch/Rg (017)
RESISTANT to…

A

DTT, CDP and EGA

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5
Q

9 antigens in Kn system (022)

A

Kna, Knb, McCa, McCb, Sla, Yka, Vil, SI3, KCAM

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6
Q

JMH resistant to (2 chemicals)

Acquired loss of CD108

A

EGA and CDP

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7
Q

Proteolytic enzymes

A

Ficin
Papain

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8
Q

Disulfide bond reducing agents

A

DTT
AET

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9
Q

PP1Pk are glycoLIPIDS, not glycoPROTEINS

A

True

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10
Q

Alternate form of a gene

A

Allele

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11
Q

Fixed position on a chromosome

A

Locus

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12
Q

Group of alleles inherited together

A

Haplotyoe

Eg. RHD and RHCE

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13
Q

Duffy gene

A

FY; ACKR1 (atypical chemokine receptor 1)
Chr: 1
5 antigens

Receptor for plasmodium vivax and knowlesi

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14
Q

CCI = (PLT increment)x(body surface area - m^2) / number PLTs transfused x10^11

A
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15
Q

PPR percent platelet recovery

A

(PLT increment) x (weight inKg x 75ml) / (PLT count of product)x(PLT volume in mL)

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16
Q

Gene for MNS system (002)

A

GYPA (M,N)
GYPB (S, s)

Chr: 4
4 common antigen: M N S s
49 total antigens

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17
Q

Gene for Lewis system
(LE/007)

A

FUT3

Chr: 19
6 antigens

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18
Q

Gene for Kell system
(006)

A

KEL
Chr: 7
6 common antigens (KEL1-6)
36 total antigens

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19
Q

Gene for Kidd system
(JK/009)

A

SLC14A1 (solute carrier/transport protein)
Chr: 18
UT-B urea transport protein

3 common antigens
Jka, Jkb, Jk3

Jk(a-b-) seen in Polynesian and Chinese

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20
Q

Silencing gene results in SINGLE dose expression of antithetical antigen

A

Weaker than double dose expression

Eg. Fyb silenced = SINGLE dose Fya in Fy(a+b-) in AA donors

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21
Q

Blood groups characterized in 4 ways:

A
  1. Serologically
  2. Genetically
  3. Functionally
  4. Structurally
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22
Q

Gene for P1PK system (003)

A

P1PK; A4GALT
Chr: 22
3 antigens P1, Pk, NOR

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23
Q

Gene for H (018)

A

H; FUT1 (a-fucosyltransferase enzyme)
Chr: 19

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24
Q

A1 lectin

A

Dolichos biflorus

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25
Q

Anti-H lectin

A

Ulex europaeus

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26
Q

Secretor gene name

A

FUT2 (Se or secretor)

Chr: 19

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27
Q

Bombay phenotype

A

Inheritance of non-functional FUT1(H) and FUT2(Se) gene

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28
Q

Para-Bombay

A

Inherited NON-functional FUT1(H) gene with FUNCTIONAL FUT2/Se gene

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29
Q

GLOB (Globoside) 028

A

2 antigens: P, Px2
Chr 3

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30
Q

Anti PP1Pk

A

IgM or IgM/IgG
Clinically significant
Naturally occurring in ‘p’ phenotype
Seen in: spontaneous abortion

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31
Q

Anti-P

A

Naturally occurring in P1k and P2k phenotypes
-recurrent spontaneous abortions and PCH

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32
Q

RH blood group gene (004)

A

RHD, RHCE (codominant)
Chr: 1
5 common antigens

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33
Q

Rh ‘combo’ antigens:

A

ce(f) RH6
Ce RH7 (rhi)
CE (Rh 22)
cE (Rh 27)

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34
Q

RH null caused by…

A

RHAG Rh-associated glycoprotein gene ABSENT or mutated (Chr 6)

-produces stomatocytes (bite cells)

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35
Q

Ena- (high) caused by loss of this

A

Lack of Glycophorin A

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36
Q

Lack of GPB results in…

A

No S or s expression; lack U antigen (high)
2% blacks

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37
Q

Mk gene

A

No GPA or GPB production;
Lacks all MNS antigens

38
Q

Ko- Kell null

A

Lack all KEL system antigens
Produce: anti-Ku

39
Q

McLeod cells

A
  • Diminished amounts of KEL antigens
  • lack Kx and Km
  • X-linked
  • acanthocytosis
  • CGD
40
Q

Fy(a-b-) resistant to which malaria parasite

A

Plasmodium vivax

(ACKR1) Chemokine receptor is receptor for P. Vivax and P. knowlesi

41
Q

Gene for Lutheran blood group

A

LU; BCAM
Chr: 19
25 antigens
IgM, IgA or IgG
Increases red cell adhesion

42
Q

Gene for LW antigen (016)

A

ICAM
Chr: 19
3 antigens - LWb (low), LWa (high), LWab (high)

43
Q

More LW antigen on Dpos rbcs

A

???

44
Q

MHC Genes on Chr 6 are responsible for which (group) antigens?

A

HLA antigens

45
Q

HLA class1 produces which antigen groups?

A

HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C antigens
Expressed on all nucleated cells

46
Q

HLA class II responsible for/produces

A

HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR
Expressed on antigen presenting cells (B lymphs, macrophages)

47
Q

HLA class III responsible for/produces

A

Non-HLA, complement proteins and tumor necrosis factor

48
Q

HLA plays a role in platelet refractoriness

A

HLA class I antigens present on platelets

HPA-1a (most common; 80%)

49
Q

HPA antibodies seen in the following conditions:

A
  1. FNAIT - maternal IgG destroys fetal platelets
  2. Post-tx purpura- 5-10 days after transfusion
  3. Platelet refractoriness
50
Q

HNA (human neutrophil antigens) related conditions (2)

A

9 HNAs; related to:

  1. NAN - maternal IgG destroys fetal neutrophils (anti-HNA-1a, 1b, HNA-2)
  2. TRALI - respiratory distress within 6hrs of transfusion
51
Q

Ch/Rg - located on C4 protein

A

Proteins Adsorb onto rbc membrane

C4A - binds to protein (Rg)
C4B - binds to carBohydrates (Ch)

52
Q

Knops system antigens

A

Complement receptor 1 (CD35)
Chr 1

Receptor for plasmodium falciparum

53
Q

Knops null

A

Helgeson cell - unable to detect all antigens in system due to low copy numbers

54
Q

YT system (011) CAN be clinically significant

A

AChE protein
Chr 7
MMA is needed

55
Q

Anti-Yta
Chromosome 7 abnormalities

A

Myelodysplasias
Some SLE
PNH

56
Q

Dombrock system (014)

A

Chr 12
Potentially clinically significant
8 antigens - Doa, Dob, Gya(null), Hy, Jo, DOYA, DoMR, DoLG
Requires DNA to predict expression

57
Q

P1 gene

A

Chr 22

Stronger antigen expression in AA

58
Q

???
Type 1 chains

Proteins in plasma and secretions

A
  • Beta 1-3 linkage
  • N-acetylgalactosamine
59
Q

Type 2 chains
Found on lipids on RbcS

A
  • Beta 1-4 linkage
  • Glucose
60
Q

M antigen amino acids

A

GPA 20-24

Ser-Ser-Thr-Thr-Glycine

61
Q

N antigen

A

L-S-T-T-Glutamic acid

62
Q

S antigen

A

GPB

L-S-T-T-Glutamic (‘N’) +
Methionine (S)
Threonine

63
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 1

(D R Kn Sc)

A

Duffy
Rh
Knops
Scianna
Cromer
Vel

64
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 2

A

Gerbich
Lan

65
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 3

A

Globoside

66
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 4

A

MNS
JR

67
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 6

[Rich-6]

A

(R)HAG
(I)
(C)hido/Rogers
(H)LA

68
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 7

A

Kell
Yt/Cartwright
Colton

69
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 9 **

A

ABO
FORS
Gill

70
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 11

A

Indian/In
Raph
CD59

71
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 12

A

Dombrock

Do (dozen = 12)

72
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 15

A

JMH

73
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 18

A

Kidd (JK)

You’re only a “Kidd” until you’re 18

74
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 19 **

A

H (FUT1 gene)
Lewis (FUT 3 gene)
Lutheran
LW

75
Q

Blood groups:
Chromosome 22

A

P1Pk

76
Q

D’el found in which population?

Very low copy numbers of D antigen; only detectable by adsorption/elution

A

East Asians (25-30%) of D-

77
Q

High resolution genotyping methods

A

cDNA
Sanger sequencing
Next Gen sequencing

78
Q

Low resolution genotyping

A

Gel-based
HEA array
RFLP-PCR
SSP-PCR

79
Q

In(Lu) is depressed copy numbers - don’t make anti-Lu3. (Not a true Lu null)

A
  • has 1 normal + 1 mutated KLF1 gene
  • Detectible by ads/elu
  • Also depressed: AnWj, Co, P1, Indian, Sc, Di
80
Q

TRALI symptoms

A
  • HYPOtension,
    -HLA or NEUTROPHIL antibodies
  • respiratory distress,
    -within 6 hrs of transfusion
81
Q

TACO Symptoms

A
  • HYPERtension
  • cardiogenic edema
  • Fluid overload
  • vascular confestikn
82
Q

Variant D types/alleles

A

Weak D (145 alleles)
D’el (46 alleles)
Partial D (130 alleles)

83
Q

Over expressed Lu antigens in SCD

A

Causes binding of increased quantities of laminin (LN 511/521)
Inflamed endothelial adhesion causing blockages

84
Q

Potentially clinically significant antibodies

A

Anti-Yta
Anti-Dob

85
Q

Duffy glycoprotein is erythrocyte receptor for which interleukin?

A

Interleukin 8

86
Q

??What low incidence antigen is associated with D••

A

Evans (Rh37)

87
Q

?? What low incidence antigen is associated with D-IVa

A

Go(a+)

88
Q

What cell morphology is associated with Rh null

A

Stomatocytes

89
Q

What cell morphology is associated with McLeod/CGD

A

Acanthocytes

90
Q

??? Lewis:
Glyco-LIPIDS (plasma)
Glyco-PROTEINS (secretions)

A

Need to verify

MVP-SBB (6 decks)

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